tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36757246304641967352024-03-08T14:28:25.340-08:00Effective college essaysAuthor Biographical Context Essay Samplesjonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-86433467786275643342020-08-25T01:41:00.001-07:002020-08-25T01:41:09.537-07:00Ecoli essaysEcoli papers Canada's E. Coli Epidemic Claims Fifth Victim 1:44 p.m. ET (1744 GMT) May 26, 2000 WALKERTON, Ontario (Reuters) - A fifth individual kicked the bucket on Thursday in what might be Canada's greatest E. coli pestilence, as police and wellbeing authorities were set to conclude whether to dispatch a criminal examination concerning the episode. Dr. Murray McQuigge, the region's central clinical official, said the episode in the primarily horticultural network of Walkerton, Ontario, could have been forestalled, and blamed the nearby Public Utilities Commission (PUC) of disregarding the aftereffects of its own tests on Thursday, May 18, which he said built up the town's water was dangerous. He said 10 individuals, including four youngsters, stayed in a basic condition, struck somewhere near microscopic organisms in the town's water framework. A newborn child and three grown-ups kicked the bucket from E. coli confusions on Wednesday. At any rate 500 individuals have been tainted in Walkerton, a town of 5,000 individuals around two hours drive northwest of Toronto. Dr. James Cairns, vice president coroner for the region of Ontario, said his specialty needs an examination into the passings. ''We are worried about open wellbeing,'' he said. We need to know how the sullying happened, how it was overseen and how individuals kicked the bucket.'' It is accepted the water may have been polluted by compost washed into the framework by ongoing overwhelming downpours. There likely could be more individuals who will kick the bucket. I figure we could have forestalled every one of these passings,'' McQuigge told a news gathering, including that new cases could develop as late as Monday as the microscopic organisms can have a hatching time of as long as 10 days before manifestations show up. McQuigge said he would meet with wellbeing and common police authorities on Friday to attempt to choose where fault for passings is to be laid. There is likely going to be a criminal examination,'' he said. Walkerton inhabitants were offended as news spread that it is conceivable that the catastrophe could have been forestalled. A neighborhood radi ... <! jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-58365899866285906012020-08-22T02:50:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:50:18.857-07:00Experiment 9 formal report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsTest 9 formal - Lab Report Example System likewise includes depiction of methods like chronicle of matched qualities and ensuing count of proportionality constants, means and standard deviations. Results segment gave organized data together relating charts for the three trials. This report likewise contains a conversation area spinning around discoveries made in the first segment. Conversation demonstrates whether the theoretical case made before is valid or bogus. At last, an end sums up primary ideas of the tests. Regardless of their constituent iotas, all gases comply with specific relations with ecological parameters of weight, temperature and volume. Exceptional connection of gases to these parameters comprises the three gas laws. This implies gases have comparative physical properties, be it CO2, NO2 or H2O (g). While depicting conduct of gases corresponding to the three physical parameters recognized before, a forward factor, explicitly the quantity of particles, is utilized. The three gas laws clarify conduct of gases when two physical parameters are matched. In fact, conduct of gases according to any of the three parameters is autonomous of one another (Myers, 19). For this situation, a gasââ¬â¢ conduct with changing temperature can be estimated by keeping the matching variable, either weight or volume consistent. For all intents and purposes, gases may show slight variety of variable amounts from hypothetically anticipated qualities. This clarifies the idea of perfect gas law, a law that consolidates relationship of all the four fundamental factors of weight, temperature, volume and the quantity of moles. Perfect gas law is composed as PV = nRT where n = number of moles, P = pressure, T = temperature, V = volume and R = gas consistent with a uniform estimation of 0.0821 L-atm/mole-K. As recognized before, connection between two factors can be resolved since conduct of every factor in free of different factors. In the examination, the forward jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-67275396339211450932020-07-27T05:41:00.001-07:002020-07-27T05:41:05.145-07:00Could Your Eating Problems Be a Specific Phobia of VomitingCould Your Eating Problems Be a Specific Phobia of Vomiting Phobias Types Print Could Your Eating Problems Be a Specific Phobia of Vomiting? Eating Problems Related to Specific Phobia of Vomiting (Emetophobia) By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 17, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on April 30, 2018 skynesher, Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms and Diagnosis Relation to Other Disorders Relation to Eating Disorders Development Maintenance Treatment View All Back To Top Are you terrified of throwing up? Does this affect your eating? Have you been diagnosed with an eating disorder? Might your eating disorder really (or also) be a phobia? Just like fear of flying or fear of spiders, a fear of vomiting can be so strong that it becomes a phobia. The specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV), also referred to as emetophobia, is a serious clinical condition. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) categorizes it as a specific phobia, âotherâ subtype. SPOV involves an intense and irrational fear of vomiting and the avoidance of situations related to vomiting. It can look a lot like an eating disorder, and often co-occurs with one. Many people with a problematic fear of vomiting seek treatment with eating disorder therapists or at eating disorder programs. Unfortunately, it is believed that a number of people with SPOV are misdiagnosed as having an eating disorderâ"one study in 2013 showed that many eating disorder specialists may not know about SPOV or recognize it when they see it. Specific phobia of vomiting has not been well researched. It affects more females than males and commonly develops in childhood or adolescence. The average sufferer is affected for 25 years before seeking treatment. Therapists generally regard SPOV as challenging to treat because of a high drop-out rate and a poor response to treatment. It can become one of the most impairing phobias because people with it come to avoid such a broad range of situations. Symptoms and Diagnosis There are different factors that may indicate that you have a specific phobia of vomiting. Sensations A core symptom of SPOV is frequent nausea, an unpleasant sensation related to the gastrointestinal system. People with SPOV feel nauseated more often than people without the phobia. Most people with SPOV report feeling nauseated every one to two days, often for more than an hour at a time. The experience of nausea appears to be closely related to the intensity of the fear that people feel. Those with SPOV who experience more nausea also seem to lose more weight. Thoughts If you have SPOV, you are horrified at the idea of vomiting. You may also dread losing control and being ill. When you feel sick, you may obsessively have the thought, âI am going to vomit,â with a strong belief that you will. You may fear yourself vomiting and others around you vomiting. Most people (47 percent) with vomit phobia primarily fear themselves vomiting, and to a lesser extent fear others vomiting. A smaller number (41 percent) equally fear themselves and others vomiting. Rarely do people with SPOV only or primarily fear others (and not themselves) vomiting. Vomiting in others may be feared primarily out of fear of contagion. Behaviors If you have SPOV you might engage in a range of behaviors to try to reduce your likelihood of vomiting. These may include physically scanning your body for sensations and indications that you might vomit. You might also engage in safety-seeking behaviors and avoidance behaviors that include checking food expiration dates, avoiding alcohol, and avoiding certain foods like meat and seafood. These preventative behaviors can consume a great deal of worry and time. Psychosocial Impairment People with SPOV suffer significant impairment. It may interfere with work when you may take days off because you think someone in your office is sick. It may affect your social life when you avoid social gatherings where you believe there is an increased risk of vomiting. You may also avoid contact with children when they are ill or sleep in another room if your partner is sick or has been drinking. Assessment Measures There are two validated measures to assess for SPOV: Specific Phobia of Vomiting Inventory (SPOVI)Emetophobia Questionnaire (EMETQ) Relation to Other Disorders Because specific fear of vomiting shares many features in common with other more well-understood illnesses, it has likely been under-recognized and misdiagnosed. Illness anxiety disorder (formerly hypochondriasis) shares many similarities with SPOV, including worrying, reassurance-seeking, and checking behavior about possible infections or food poisoning that could lead to vomiting. The symptoms of SPOV can look like the compulsive handwashing or sanitizing observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Both SPOV and panic disorder are characterized by an overfocus on and fear of bodily sensations, which in turn intensifies the sensations. Some patients with SPOV have some of the symptoms of social phobia, with fear of vomiting in social situations or of others judging them if they get sick. Relation to Eating Disorders While diagnoses of an eating disorder and SPOV can co-occur, there is limited research on how frequently this happens. In one study of eating behavior in people with SPOV, approximately one-third of participants restricted their food and engaged in abnormal eating behavior. Another study found that 80 percent of individuals with SPOV reported abnormal eating behavior and 61 percent reported food avoidance. In a third study, of 131 patients with SPOV, four were also diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. People with SPOV often restrict food to reduce the risk of vomiting. As such, they may look a lot like patients with eating disorders, specifically avoidant restrictive intake disorder (ARFID), which the DSM-5 defines as an eating disorder in which individuals fail to meet their nutritional needs but do not have the typical body image concerns of individuals with anorexia nervosa. People with SPOV can also meet criteria for ARFID when there is an extreme fear of vomiting and eating is restricted and any one of the following conditions are met: Significant weight lossSignificant nutritional deficiencyDependence on tube feedingPsychosocial impairment Over time and with dietary restriction, some people who have SPOV that meets ARFID criteria can also start to develop features of anorexia nervosa, such as weight and shape concern, negative body image, or the avoidance of calorically dense foods. It also appears likely that some individuals with SPOV may be misdiagnosed with anorexia due to eating-disordered attitudes and behaviors that are driven by phobic fears rather than eating psychopathology. When making a differential diagnosis clinicians must understand why a patient fears and avoids food: is it because of fear of weight gain or fear of vomiting? Development Phobias are believed to be caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. There are believed to be several predisposing factors for SPOV. People who develop a fear of vomiting appear to have a general vulnerability to anxiety. They may tend to express anxiety through somatic symptoms such as âbutterflies in the stomachâ or nausea. Finally, they may have high disgust sensitivity. Many phobias involve some learned fear that activates these predisposing factors. Some traumatic incident may have contributed to the phobiaâs development. Many individuals with SPOV recall a triggering incident involving themselves or others vomiting. Some individuals recall no triggering incident; these may be cases of vicarious learning, for example reading about an incident of vomiting or hearing someone else talk about vomiting in a fearful way. Maintenance The more people pay attention to gastrointestinal symptoms, the more likely they can perceive nausea. Those who experience anxiety physically can catastrophically misinterpret the benign signs of digestion as an indicator of upcoming nausea. This leads to increased anxiety, which heightens nausea. This feeling can be mistaken for the warning sign that vomiting is imminent. This catastrophic misinterpretation serves to increase anxiety, and the vicious cycle continues. The more nausea a person feels, the more fear they have, the more hypervigilance, the greater nausea. Avoidance and safety behaviors also maintain the phobia. People with SPOV often avoid specific foods out of fear of vomiting. Commonly avoid foods include meat, poultry, seafood and shellfish, foreign meals, dairy products, and fruits and vegetables. They may restrict the amount of food to reduce sensations of fullness which they fear could lead to vomiting. They may also restrict eating food in certain contexts, such as food cooked by other people. People with vomiting phobia may come to avoid a broad spectrum of situations: Those they believe will increase their own risk of vomitingâ"eating from salad bars or buffets, visiting people in the hospital, eating at restaurants, public toilets, traveling, boats and airplanes, going to an amusement park, or meeting ill peopleThose where they believe they may see someone vomitingâ"events where guests drink alcohol, places where children playâ" or where they fear they may vomit in the presence of othersPregnancyâ"some have even chosen to terminate a pregnancy because of their fear of vomitingRecommended surgery It should be noted that most of these situations avoided would be associated with an extremely low risk of vomiting. As a result, people who avoid them fail to learn that these situations are not dangerous. People with SPOV develop safety behaviors they believe reduce their likelihood of vomiting. They may take antacids, wear rubber gloves, repeatedly check the sell by date and the freshness of food, wash their hands excessively, inordinately clean the kitchen area, and wash food excessively. They overestimate the efficacy of these measures in preventing vomiting. It is helpful for people with SPOV to understand that frequency of vomiting is not much different for people with SPOV than it is for people who do not have the phobia and do not practice avoidance and safety behaviors. In reality, vomiting is a rare occurrence. Treatment Research on treatment for SPOV is very limited, with only one published randomized controlled trial. cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most widely used approach for the treatment of SPOV and other phobias. Treatment must begin with a thorough assessment and a formulation that helps the patient to understand the processes that maintain the patientâs fear. The formulation also guides the selection of treatment targets. As with most phobias, exposure is a central aspect of the treatment. A key difference in the treatment of SPOV is that treatment does not usually include exposure to the exact situationâ"that is, making oneself vomit. Induction of vomiting via an emetic is not considered practical or safe, particularly when done repeatedly. Also, a single exposure might not be sufficient to reduce the awfulness of vomiting. Treatment focuses instead on exposure to the sensations associated with vomiting and the situations that trigger a fear of vomiting. Psychoeducation CBT for SPOV usually begins with psychoeducation about vomiting phobia, including a cognitive model of anxiety emphasizing the interplay of cognitive, physical, and behavioral factors. Patients should be educated about factors that maintain the disorder and the importance of exposure in the treatment. You may be reassured to learn that: Vomiting is a normal and adaptive process, designed to save your life by ridding your body of something you have ingested that is contaminated or poisonous.All mammals except rats vomit (which is why rat poison is effective).You cannot prevent yourself from vomiting. It is a primitive reflex that cannot be inhibited.Nausea is only rarely an indication of vomiting.Food safety standards, refrigeration, and sanitation have substantially reduced the instance of vomiting in the developed world; one study found that most people can recall vomiting about four to six times over their lifetime. Exposure The treatment of emetophobia often includes exposure to the physical sensations central to the experience and maintenance of SPOV, such as nausea. Exposure to physical sensations involves inducing physiological symptoms that are similar to anxiety. For example, having a patient spin can often induce dizziness and sometimes nausea. Some CBT treatment models include imaginary rescripting of past aversive experiences of vomiting. Some therapists use exposure to videos of others vomiting. Sometimes patients are asked to fake vomit. In this exercise, they put a concoction of diced food in their mouth, kneel in front of the toilet, and spit into the toilet to simulate the texture and sounds of vomiting. Patients can also be exposed to a substance that looks or smells like vomit. In addition to exposure to physical sensations and to aspects of vomiting described above, treatment should include exposure to all foods and situations that have been avoided. This is often done in a hierarchical fashion, with progressively scarier situations approached over time. Situations can be combined. For example, a person may eat a fear food and then go on a rollercoaster. CBT treatment also includes discontinuing safety behaviors, such as wearing gloves and excessive cleaning. It also includes challenging anxiety-provoking thoughts. Although cognitive behavioral interventions would clearly be the focus, certain medications such as SSRIs might be helpful, particularly if there are other mood or anxiety symptoms. Weight Restoration If the patient is at a low weight, then weight gain and restoration of normal patterns of eating in SPOV is an important treatment goal, just as it is in anorexia nervosa. Family-based treatment focused on nutritional restoration and exposure may be a good treatment choice for adolescents with SPOV needing to restore weight. A Word From Verywell It is common to feel reluctant about seeking help. If you (or a loved one) have a severe fear of vomiting, it is important to receive an assessment leading to an accurate diagnosis. Then you can begin the process of recovery. jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-82694140468260140272020-05-22T12:00:00.001-07:002020-05-22T12:00:04.639-07:00The Origins of Classic Nursery Rhymes Lullabiesjonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-23838115566378469502020-05-08T23:31:00.001-07:002020-05-08T23:31:02.549-07:00Cruel World by Lynn Nicholas - 1292 Words Reflective Journal Part A, Book Review, Cruel World by Lynn Nicholas This book is about the children of Europe during the Nazi reign and offers a comprehensive look at the way children were treated. Most of these children had their childhoods torn away from them by being exposed to horrors. The atrocities committed against some groups of children included sterilization, separation from families and being sent to concentration camps. I found that this book had a huge impact on me as I did not quite realise how bad life got during the Nazi era. I had always known that the Jews suffered greatly at the hands of the Nazis however that is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the huge suffering that European children in general went through in this era. The main argument of this book is to get across the horrors of the Nazi era and how they affected children. The book is a tribute to the millions of innocent victims of this terror and a way that their voices and stories can be heard. It almost seems like this book is intending to warn us of conflict but also to remind us that terrible things like this continue to happen today around the world because as Nicholas says ââ¬Å"Even as World War II ended, new conflicts began and others have succeeded without cease, bringing horror and corruption, which stream like blood out of our televisions, to millions of children.â⬠(Nicholas, 2005, p. 558) A strength of this book is that it does not just focus on one group of children butShow MoreRelatedPropaganda During Nazi Germany Essay3427 Words à |à 14 Pageswas used to honour the German army(Moeller,2000,102) and to advocate ââ¬Å"persistence and the importance of leadershipâ⬠(Tegel,2007,p178) during the war years.Bismark(1940) and particularly Kolberg(1945),which was the last film made before the end of World War Two.The film was an appeal from Goebbels for complete sacrifice by the German people(ibid,p186) as well as to restore faith in Hilter by ââ¬Å"celebrating the resistance of the fortress town to the invading Napoleonic armies,under the courageous leadershipRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesFeedback If you have questions related to this product, please contact our customer service department online at http:/ /247pearsoned.custhelp.com/. Acknowledgments In addition to the informal feedback that we have received from colleagues around the world, we would especially like to thank the following people who have formally reviewed material and provided valuable feedback, vital to the revision of this and previous editions: Richard Allan, University of Tennesseeââ¬â Chattanooga Forrest F. Aven jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-77707973462961983332020-05-06T09:56:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:56:33.238-07:00Yoga for Eye Sight Free Essays The great master Swami Vivekananda said that there are four main streams of yoga:Jnana Yoga, Raja Yoga, Bhakti Yoga and Karma Yoga. To use all these streams of yoga to build the personality. We are now going to focus on Eyesight Development or Eyesight Improvement. We will write a custom essay sample on Yoga for Eye Sight or any similar topic only for you Order Now In late 60s the TV came afresh in Bangalore city and everybody was so fascinated, particularly the children glued themselves to TV forgetting all their sports outside. Went on watching 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours and movies after movies and as expected it started happening in 5 or 6 years, 1972-73 we started seeing most of these children wearing very thick glasses. We felt too bad. We said can we solve this problem? Many people said that we are not going to allow our children to watch the TV. That is no solution. This is when we started developing yoga module. The specialised techniques that yoga prescribes for eyesight improvement were selected from various yoga techniques. The precautions we have to take, norms that we have to follow were taken care. So we developed this module, iintegrated yoga module for eyesight improvement. We started giving that in Yoga Camps. One week camp, 15 days camp, one month camp and we started documenting the result whether really it is useful or not. The results were very fascinating. When we have an average of 1000 or 1500 sstudents, we have found that the eyesight can improve by one Diapter for short sight sstudents with a practice of every day half an hour for one month. This iintegrated yoga module can bring such wonderful results. Practice for half an hour every day for one month, one Diaptor is going to reduce. Yoga in Education for Total Personality Development SERIES ââ¬â 2 8 | Yoga for Eye Sight Improvement When we continued children with -5, -6, -7 children were able to normalise their eyesight. Then we started taking up this. Initially we have short theory and then we go for the practice and what is the whole basis for the eyesight improvement that we are talking? Many people think that the accommodation power of the lens is going to change. No. It is Eye Ball Curvature. In short sight the image is falling too far in front of the Fovea. But why is that distortion taking place in the eye ball? This is because of the differential pull of the rectie muscles of the eye ball. So when we do yoga in which we handle the eye excercises to see that the muscles co-ordinate so cohesively that the eye ball starts becoming normal. How do we know it is going to become normal? One of our Opthalimic specialist Dr. Upadhyay in England, measured the eye ball curvature and after 15 days, after one month of yogic practices the eye ball curvature started getting normal. Such results prove that yoga brings in normalisation and it is these techniques that we have used. Trataka is the specialised practice that yoga prescribes. It is one of the six kriyas. Kriyas are essentially meant for clearnsing and to strengthen the nerves which connect the eyes to the brain which handles the different muscles and calming down of the mind, silencing of the mind, slowing down of the breath, does wonders. Therefore in this module we are going to use some Asanas, special breathing practices and mainly the Trataka and the meditation which help the people develop their eyesight. Yoga in Education for Total Personality Development SERIES ââ¬â 2 Yoga for Eye Sight Improvement Let us try to understand the structure and functions of the eye so that we can go ahead to understand how Yoga works in improving our eyesight. We all have two eyes. A resting eye is designed for distant vision. Near work always involve lot of work on the small, little muscles of the eye. Each eye is comparable to a pholographic camera. Just like the camera has a diaphragm and an aperture, our eye also has a dark highly pigmented diaphragm called Iris. This Iris cuts off all the light from entering into the eye ball and in the centre of the diaphragm is the little transparenââ¬â¢t hole called the Pupil. The diaphragm is called the Iris, the apercher is called the pupil. Through this pupil only nature allows the light to pass through. What are the functions of a good camera? It should have a very good powerful lens so that it can have a very clear image at its focal point and it should be able to adjust very perfectly to the light conditions and also to the distance of the object from the film of the Yoga in Education for Total Personality Development SERIES ââ¬â 2 10 | Yoga for Eye Sight Improvement camera. Our eye although is comparable to a camera, is not having a shape of a camera. How to cite Yoga for Eye Sight, Papers jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-32467692856458927902020-04-28T11:13:00.001-07:002020-04-28T11:13:03.882-07:00Transportation In The 19th Century During The First Half Of The 19th C Transportation in the 19th Century During the first half of the 19th century, improvements in transportation developed rather quickly. Roads, steamboats, canals, and railroads all had a positive effect on the American economy. They also provided for a more diverse United States by allowing more products to be sold in new areas of the country and by opening new markets. Copied from ideas begun in England and France, American roads were being built everywhere. In an attempt to make money, private investors financed many turnpikes, expecting to profit from the tolls collected. Although they did not make as much money as expected, these roads made it possible for cheaper (not cheap) domestic transportation of goods. It still cost more to transport a ton of freight a few miles over land than it did to send it across the Atlantic Ocean. But because of turnpikes, for the first time, goods were able to make it over the formidable Appalachian mountains. The steamboat was the first economic al means of inland transport. It was faster and cheaper then the rafts used before them. Additionally, the steamboats made it possible to travel back up the Mississippi, allowing farmers and lumbermen to come down by raft, and travel home in the luxurious comfort of a steamboat after selling their goods. This also made the northwest less self-dependent because it was now able to purchase southern goods. While steamboats sparked the economy on the western frontier, canals became increasingly popular on the east coast. Although expensive ($25,000 per mile), and difficult to build, canals were an important source for those farmers and merchants who needed a cheap method of inland transportation. The water allowed horses, once only able to pull a ton of materials, to now pull over a hundred tons with the same amount of work. These canals were not only economical for exporters, but also for the state. Tolls alone collected from the Erie Canal had, by 1825, already paid for the entire p roject ($7,000,000), and now was making a substantial amount of profit. Even though it had not totally expanded yet, the cheapest, most economical method of transportation was the railroad. Speed, durability, and safety all contributed to the success of it. State legislatures and the national government all provided aid to the railroad companies by decreased the tax on rail iron. During this time period, manufacturing also boomed. New ideas and inventions made it faster to produce products. However, it is because of these new modes of transportation that this was ever able to occur. The cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney, would never have been able to develop fully if the transportation system did not make it easy to obtain cotton from the south. With these new technological breakthroughs, American economic growth was significantly increased. By allowing cheaper importation and exportation of goods, manufacturers were able to produce more of these products. Also, it opened new m arkets to different places. In the northwest, where coffee was an expensive luxury (costing almost seventeen cents per pound), it was now a common item. The steamboat reduced the price by over thirteen cents. Also, our new transportation system helped other regions work together. And aside from material items, our country benefited economically from tourism. Any tourist to the New York area would not miss "The Great Western Canal." So although manufacturing did have a significant role in developing the American economy, it is because of transportation that manufacturing could have ever improved. Transportation In The 19th Century During The First Half Of The 19th C Transportation in the 19th Century During the first half of the 19th century, improvements in transportation developed rather quickly. Roads, steamboats, canals, and railroads all had a positive effect on the American economy. They also provided for a more diverse United States by allowing more products to be sold in new areas of the country and by opening new markets. Copied from ideas begun in England and France, American roads were being built everywhere. In an attempt to make money, private investors financed many turnpikes, expecting to profit from the tolls collected. Although they did not make as much money as expected, these roads made it possible for cheaper (not cheap) domestic transportation of goods. It still cost more to transport a ton of freight a few miles over land than it did to send it across the Atlantic Ocean. But because of turnpikes, for the first time, goods were able to make it over the formidable Appalachian mountains. The steamboat was the first economic al means of inland transport. It was faster and cheaper then the rafts used before them. Additionally, the steamboats made it possible to travel back up the Mississippi, allowing farmers and lumbermen to come down by raft, and travel home in the luxurious comfort of a steamboat after selling their goods. This also made the northwest less self-dependent because it was now able to purchase southern goods. While steamboats sparked the economy on the western frontier, canals became increasingly popular on the east coast. Although expensive ($25,000 per mile), and difficult to build, canals were an important source for those farmers and merchants who needed a cheap method of inland transportation. The water allowed horses, once only able to pull a ton of materials, to now pull over a hundred tons with the same amount of work. These canals were not only economical for exporters, but also for the state. Tolls alone collected from the Erie Canal had, by 1825, already paid for the entire p roject ($7,000,000), and now was making a substantial amount of profit. Even though it had not totally expanded yet, the cheapest, most economical method of transportation was the railroad. Speed, durability, and safety all contributed to the success of it. State legislatures and the national government all provided aid to the railroad companies by decreased the tax on rail iron. During this time period, manufacturing also boomed. New ideas and inventions made it faster to produce products. However, it is because of these new modes of transportation that this was ever able to occur. The cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney, would never have been able to develop fully if the transportation system did not make it easy to obtain cotton from the south. With these new technological breakthroughs, American economic growth was significantly increased. By allowing cheaper importation and exportation of goods, manufacturers were able to produce more of these products. Also, it opened new m arkets to different places. In the northwest, where coffee was an expensive luxury (costing almost seventeen cents per pound), it was now a common item. The steamboat reduced the price by over thirteen cents. Also, our new transportation system helped other regions work together. And aside from material items, our country benefited economically from tourism. Any tourist to the New York area would not miss "The Great Western Canal." So although manufacturing did have a significant role in developing the American economy, it is because of transportation that manufacturing could have ever improved. jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-53271601354298928582020-03-20T01:04:00.001-07:002020-03-20T01:04:03.044-07:00Innocence Compassion and some Crazy Cliff essaysInnocence Compassion and some Crazy Cliff essays A novel, which has gained literary recognition worldwide, scrutiny to the point of censorship and has established a following among adolescents, The Catcher in the Rye is in its entirety a unique connotation of the preservation of innocence and the pursuit of compassion. With certain elegance the writer J.D. Salinger, substantiates the growth and perils, which lie between childhood and adulthood. Embellishing the differentiation between innocence and squalor in the grasps of society. The bridge that lies between these contrasting themes are personified through the novels protagonist, Holden Caul-field and his visualization of a cliff, which depicts a dividing point between the evident beginning and end. The connection, which binds this gap in reality, was made clear through a new found compassion, consummating Holdens place in society through the realization of his surroundings from which he successfully crosses over. Focusing on the rebellious and confused actuality of adolescents stuck between the innocence of childhood and the corruptness of the adult world, this novel strikes a cord, which most adolescents can relate. The essence of the story The Catcher in the Rye follows the forty-eight hour escapade of sixteen-year-old Holden Caulfield, told through first person narration. After his expulsion from Pency, a fashionable prep school, the lat-est in a long line of expulsions, Holden has a few confrontations with his fellow students and leaves shortly after to return to his hometown, New York City. In the heart of New York City, Holden spends the following two days hiding out to rest before confronting his parents with the news. During his adventures in the city he tries to renew some old acquaintances, find his significance in the adult world, and come to grips with the head-aches he has been having lately. Eventually, Holden sneaks home to visit his sister Phoebe, because alone on the streets he feels as... jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-81494946031633408322020-03-03T16:49:00.001-08:002020-03-03T16:49:04.217-08:00Spelling and Word OriginSpelling and Word Origin Spelling and Word Origin Spelling and Word Origin By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders how knowing a wordââ¬â¢s origin helps spelling bee contestants arrive at the correct spelling: Recently, I was watching [a spelling bee] competition and students were asking about the origin of a spelling like Latin, French, Greek, Dutch, Italian etc. and were guessing correct spellings. How is it possible to get correct spelling from the origin of a word? One of the greatest strengths of English is its huge vocabulary, much of it borrowed from other languages. Because different languages have different spelling conventions, knowing an English wordââ¬â¢s foreign origin can sometimesââ¬ânot alwaysââ¬âprovide assistance in spelling it. English is spoken with about 46 speech sounds. Some of the sounds, like /b/ and /p/ are always represented by the same letter. Other sounds, like /f/ and /s/, may be represented by different letters or combinations of letters. For example, the sound /f/ may be spelled with the letter f as in reflex, or with the combination ph as in gramophone. The sound /s/ may be represented by the letter s, the letter c, or the combination sc, as in instant, cigar, and abscess. The sound /k/ may be spelled with the letters k, c or the combinations ck and ch: kitten, cat, luck, archetype. A spelling bee contestantââ¬â¢s first encounter with a word is its pronunciation. Knowing how sounds are spelled in the parent language can lead a speller to the correct combination of letters used to spell it in English. Take for example, the words candidate and chronology. Both begin with the /k/ sound. Knowing that candidate entered the language from Latin tells the speller to spell the sound with the letter c; knowing that chronology comes from Greek is a clue that the /k/ sound is spelled with the combination ch. Here are a few of the spelling clues offered by etymology with words of Latin and Greek origin: Latin canine, lactate, abduct The /k/ sound is usually represented by the letter c in a word of Latin origin. abscess, ascend, eviscerate The internal /s/ sound is often spelled sc in a word of Latin origin. NOTE: one speech sound used to speak English is called the schwa. The schwa is an indeterminate vowel sound that may be represented by any of the vowel letters a, e, i/y, o, or u. For example, the schwa sound is represented in the following words by the letters in boldface: America, synthesis, decimal, syringe, offend, circus, supply. When a schwa sound follows the /s/ sound in a word of Latin origin, the /s/ sound is often represented by the letter c, as in necessary. However, if the schwa sound connects two Latin elements, it is often spelled with the letter i, as in carnivore. Greek amygdala, dyslogia, symbiosis The short i sound is often represented by the letter y in a word of Greek origin. anthropomorphic, philander, graphology The /f/ sound is often represented by ph in a word of Greek origin. rhinovirus, hemorrhage, rheumatism The /r/ sound is often represented by rh in a word of Greek origin. anarchy, bacchanal, chronometry The /k/ sound is often represented by ch in a word of Greek origin. xylophone, Xena, xenophopia The /z/ sound is often represented by x in a word of Greek origin. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?50 Nautical Terms in General Use8 Great Podcasts for Writers and Book Authors jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-3340242401142020342020-02-16T08:16:00.001-08:002020-02-16T08:16:02.605-08:00Literature Review -why we went to war in Iraq Research PaperLiterature Review -why we went to war in Iraq - Research Paper Example Hussein, indiscriminate killing, large-scale unemployment, loss of basic infrastructure, lack of law-enforcement, and armed resistance, made the countryââ¬â¢s future appear bleak. This is particularly true for the most vulnerable sections of Iraqi society: the children, women and old people (Ismael, 2007). The classical Just War tradition with ethical criteria for pre-emptive war, is not adequately filled by the Bush Administrationââ¬â¢s use of military force in the attack it led against Iraq, as part of the war against global terrorism. The doctrine of pre-emptive war in the case of Iraq fails vital ethical tests (Wester 20). The theoretical framework of the doctrine of Just War related to the concept of an unavoidable war to protect humanitarian rights, forms a useful tool for analysis. The doctrine includes international laws on the use of armed force in combat. ââ¬Å"Beyond strict assessments of the legality of war, Just War doctrine is concerned with the broader notion of justiceâ⬠(Enemark & Michaelson 545). The Just War doctrine is based on the principle that the inevitable death and destruction caused by war results in the burden of proof falling on those who advocate the use of armed force. The two dimensions to Just War doctrine are: jus ad bellum or the justice of going to war, and jus in bello or the just conduct of war. The six interconnected jus ad bellum criteria combine together to make the going to war a fair intervention. They are: ââ¬Å"Just Cause, Right Authority, Right Intention, Reasonable Prospect of Success, Proportionate Cause, and War as a Last Resortâ⬠(Enemark & Michaelson 545). Flint & Falah (p.1379) support the view that Americaââ¬â¢s construction of a Just War was deceptively based on ââ¬Å"prime moralityâ⬠by functioning at the level of individuals and humankind rather than at interstate power politics. The researchers found that the geographic assumptions of just war theory could not apply in the case of Iraq, and they explain the hegemonic jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-59171035781182121902020-02-02T18:28:00.001-08:002020-02-02T18:28:02.017-08:00Preparing for Old Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsPreparing for Old Age - Essay Example James Henry was born in a family who struggled a lot financially. His parents were mere farmers who lost a lot of their earthly possessions during the ââ¬Å"Dust Bowlâ⬠phenomenon. Being the fifth child, he only heard about their glory days when life was good and seemed promising. He only saw how difficult it had been for his parents and siblings to make things bearable. Mr. Henry says he also had to make a lot of sacrifices himself for him to help the family in their problem. As a young child, he helped his parents in the fields whenever he can and however he can. He learned to work hard even at a tender age especially during summer vacations. For him, it was quite easy to accept such kind of life then because they had few neighbors and most of them are not his friends anyway. Although there was this particular child whom he envied because they had a nice house and car and he was always dressed well, he never had strong feelings against his circumstances. As a matter of fact, he enjoyed helping his parents and siblings because their work time became their bonding time. They have strong relationships despite their financial struggles. Being the youngest in the family, Mr. Henry supposes he saw more of his parentsââ¬â¢ hardships when they grew old. He says that when his brothers and sisters married, he was left alone to attend to his parents who started having problems of being old such as getting sick and weak. jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-30150592431837603072020-01-25T14:52:00.001-08:002020-01-25T14:52:03.481-08:00Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite FerrofluidSynthesis and Characterization of Magnetite Ferrofluid Abstract A Fe3O4 water-based ferrofluid was prepared by chemical co-precipitation technique, the magnetic particles were characterized using x-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer)VSM)techniques.the results show that the shape of the nanoparticles is approximately spherical and they are superparamagnetic at room temperature. 1. Introduction Ferrofluids are stable colloidal suspensions that consist of magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in base liquid such as water or oil [1]. A ferrofluid is a colloidal dispersion of monodomain magnetic particles (size of about 10 nm) of superparamagnetic nature. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are small synthetic Fe 3 O 4 or à ³-Fe 2 O 3 particles with a core size of o10 nm and an organic or inorganic coating. The particles are well dispersed in a liquid, for medical application normally in water. Superparamagnetic magnetization is, compared to normal paramagnetic materials, much higher and can reach nearly the magnetization saturation (M s ) of ferromagnetic iron oxide. This behavior allows the tracking of such particles in a magnetic field gradient without loosing the advantage of a stable colloidal suspension.[S2] Ferrofluids are stable suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles and include Fe 3 O 4 , CoFe 2 O 4 , Mnââ¬âZn , Coââ¬âZn and lithium ferrite in a base liquid. The liquid can be polar or nonpolar . To avoid nanoparticles agglomeration, the magnetic particles have to be coated with an appropriate surfactant .This coating makes the ferrofluid stable even under intense magneticfields . ferrofluids are widely used in industry and clinical applications .[w2] Magnetic fluids (ferrofluids) with a combined fluidic and magnetic properties have wide applications inindustry and biomedicine. Magnetic Nanoparticles ,such as magnetite(Fe 3 O 4 ),iron(Fe),nickel(Ni),andcobalt(Co),can be applied in magnetic fluid preparing.Among these magnetic NPs Fe 3 O 4 has been extensively adopted in magnetic fluids for its tunable magnetic properties.so far many synthetic strategies are proposed to prepare magnetic fluids of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles.Hereinto ,co-precipitation method in oil or water with the presence surfactants is traditional route to prepare magnetic fluids.[A1] Magnetic nanofluids, also called ferrofluids, are stable colloidal solutions consisting of magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in a based fluid. The magnetic nanofluid behaves as a smart or functional fluid due to some of its unique features. They have some applications in a variety of fields such as electronic packing, mechanical engineering, aerospace, and bioengineering. [i1] Water-based magnetic nanofluids are a special category of polar magnetic nanofluids with particular features of particle interactions and agglomerate formation processes. The interest in water-based magnetic nanofluids in the selected bioengineering and biomedical systems has been growing exponentially in the last decades .Surface coating of nanoparticles and colloidal stability of biocompatible water-based magnetic nanofluids are particularly important for biomedical applications such as magnetic cell separation, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging. They have been extensively applied to audio voice coil-damping, intertia-damping apparatuses,bearings, stepping motors, and vacuum seals.[i1] Ferrofluids, which are magnetic colloids, can be synthesized by dispersing nanosized subdomain magnetic particles of Ã¢Ë ¼10 nm in diameter in a carrier liquid. Such fluids have physical properties that can be modified by an external magnetic field and are widely used as functional materials in engineering and technology applications.[j1] In general, magnetic nanoparticles in ferrofluids are coated with a surfactant to prevent aggregation.In the 1980s, Massart proposed a method for chemical synthesis of aqueous ferrofluids with no surfactant .In this method, an appropriate surface treatment leads to adsorption of H+ or OHâËâions on the surface of the particles, so stable aqueous ferrofluids can be obtained. These ferrofluids are known as ionic ferrofluids or electrical double-layered magnetic fluids .Ionic ferrofluids have attracted considerable attention because of their special behavior and this has led to new cross-disciplinary activities inchemistry, biomedicine and physics.[j1] Ferrofluids of Fe3 O4 and à ³-Fe2 O3 have attracted considerable attention for various biomedical applications including therapeutic magnetic hyperthermia,targeted drug delivery,and magnetic resonance imaging due to their bio-compatibility and desirable superparamagnetic properties with high saturation magnetization.[M1] Transition metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) such as magnetite (Fe 3 O 4) and maghemite (à ³ -Fe 2 O 3 ) are of general interest, due to their interesting magnetic, electrical, mechanical, catalytical and optical properties.[Q1] Iron oxide nanoparticles can also be dispersed in specific carrier liquids, giving rise to the so called ferrofluids (FFs0. In particular, FFs are colloidal suspensions of magnetic NPs (usually magnetite or maghemite) with average size in the range from 8 to 20 nm and dispersed in organic/inorganic solvents or different oils(hydrocarbons, syntetics esters, etc). They combine the fluid related properties of the dispersing liquid with the magnetic properties of the solid NPs.[Q1] FFs have proved to be useful for a wide variety of engineering applications such as: (i) ironless loudspeakers (ii) specific components for magnetic recording ,(iii) biomagnetics (e.g. hyperthermia ,tissue repairing ,target drug delivery ,cell separation ,magnetic resonance imaging, sensing )(iv) rotating seals and so on. Most of the applications of FFs are related to both their overall thermo/hydrodynamic properties and the magnetic properties of the constituent NPs.[Q1] Fe3O4 nanoparticles are most frequently chosen because of following reasons:(i) Fe3O4 is biocompatible,(ii) Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be synthesized at large scale,(iii)the magnetization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is significantly high,thus allowing these particles to be easily controlled by an external magnetic field.[R1] Colloidal suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in an organic or inorganic carrier liquid,so-called ferrofluids ,are being increasingly studied because of their peculiar physical properties and applications .Because of their small size (5ââ¬â20 nm) the particles exhibit single magnetic domains and the magnetic fluid displays superparamagnetic behavior .Without external magnetic field the orientation of the magnetic moments of the particles is at random resulting in a vanishing macroscopic magnetization. An external field, however, easily orients the particle magnetic moment leading to large saturation values of the magnetization. Ferrofluids are classified into two groups ,ionic (IFF) and surfacted (SFF) ferrofluids, depending on the method used to avoid the aggregation of magnetic particles.[T1] Ferrofluids are actually superparamagnetic, meaning that a ferrofluid reacts to a magnetic field in the same way as a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic solid, but magnetizes and demagnetizes more rapidly because in a ferrofluid the magnetic domains are the same size as the actual particles.[v1] Ferrofluids are colloidal dispersions of small single domain magnetic particles suspended in a carrier fluid.Ferrofluids characteristically have both magnetic and fluid properties and have found a diverse range of applications,such as in audio devices, inertia dampers, stepper motors,sensors, vacuum seals, electromagnetic shielding, and high density digital storage.[W1] Namely, besides the customary superparamagnetism a strong reduction of the magnetization of nanoparticles with respect to bulk value is observed. By both implicit and explicit tests, this reduction was proven to be due to a noncollinear spin structure.[s1] Ferrofluids containing magnetic nanoparticles with single domains and superparamagnetic at room Temperature and well-dispersed in a carrier fluid are both of fundamental and applied interest in biomedicine,mechanical and sensor technologies,and room temperature magnetic refrigerators.[y1] (In this research),(in the present work),(in this study) the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipation method.the XRD,TEM and TEM techniques were used to characterize the structure and the size of the nanoparticles.the magnetic properties were evaluated by vibrating sample magnetometer.the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were dispersed into water to obtain the desired nanofluids.tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide was used as dispersant. 2. Experimental Details: or 2. Synthesis and characterization 2.1 Materials The starting materials used in this work were ferric chloride hexahydrate(Fe Cl3.6 H2O),ferrous chloride tetrahydrate(Fe Cl2.4H2O) aqueous ammonia and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide(N(CH3)4OH). 2.2 Synthesis procedure An acqeous ferrofluid material was prepared by a co-precipitation method . The synthesis is based on the reaction of iron ions in an aqueous ammonia solution to form magnetite Fe3O4 in the following form: 2Fe3++Fe2++8NH3.H2O=Fe3O4+8NH4+ +4H2O To synthesis Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Fe Cl3.6 H2O (1M) and Fe Cl2.4H2O (2M) were prepared by dissolving iron salts in HCl (2M) solution.typically , 4ml of Fe Cl3 and 1ml of Fe Cl2 were mixed in a molar ratio of 2:1.then 50ml of ammonia aqueous solution was added into the solution with vigorous stirring at room temperature.a black precipitate was obtained.the precipitate was separated by applying a magnet and washing with distilled water several times until the PH decrease to7. tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide was used as dispersant.the nanoparticles are coated with hydroxyl ions of the tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide ,which themselves attract a sheath of strong positive ions.this surface structure creates electrostatic interparticle repulsion that can overcome coagulation forces of magnetic and van der waals attractions. 2.3 Characterization X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)patterns were obtained by an X-ray diffractometer using Kà ± radiation(à »=1.54060Ãâ¦) ( à ´Ã ®Ã µÃ ª à ´Ã ªÃ ± ââ¬Å¾Ã ² à ³Ã ªÃ ¸) The shape,size distribution and morphology of the particles were examined by using transmission electron microscope(TEM).( )(The nanoparticles are characterized in detail by TEM). TEM experiment was performed on a Philips CM30 electron microscope with an acceleration voltage of 150 kV. Magnetization versus applied field were carried out withVSM (Lake shore 7404). 3. Result and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the X-rays powder diffraction pattern of iron oxide nanoparicles in the ferrofluid sample.the spectral lines are broad because the grain are small.()relatively wide peaks are related to small size of nanoparticles. all the observed peaks can be indexed to the Fe3O4 crystal structure .the peaks are characteristic of cubic system with Fd-3m space group.()the considered profile can be suitably fitted by considering the crystalline structure of either magnetite(cubic structure,Fd-3m group,ICSD reference code 98-011-1284)or maghemite(cubic structure P4132 group,ICSD reference code 00-39-1346).beacuse of overlapping reflections in the XRD pattern,it was not possible to obtain a good fit by taking simultaneously into account both phases. using the Debye-scherer equation,the crystallite size was determined to be around 10 nm. Fig .1. XRD spectra of the particle Fig .2. TEM image of Fe3O4 nanoparticles TEM image(Fig. 2)show that the particles are roughly spherical and polydispersed))(approximately spherical in shape).The particle sizes, by considering about 115 particle, range from 8to30nm. the average size of the particles observed in the TEM image is in the range of 13nm, which is good agreement with that estimated by Debye-Scherrer formula from the XRD pattern.( )This is larger than the crystallite size determined by XRD,perhaps due to the presence of an amorphous surface layer. (the difference between XRD and TEM may come from the surface coating layer). fig .3. Magentic hysteresis of Fe3O4 Fig. 3 displays the magnetic hysteresis curve of the ferrofluid evaluated by VSM at room temperature,which is obtained from the magnetization cycle.we can see that the saturation magnetization(Ms)of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was about 35 emu/g which is lower than that of the bulk Fe3O4 (92 emu/g).the Ms value decrease with decrease in crystallite size for mono-domain particles due to the surface spin canting (disorder) and thermal fluctuations.[i1]. ( Komada et al. have attributed the reduction of magnetization in magnetic oxide nanoparticles to the existence of canted spins and /or a spin-glass-like behavior of the surface spins.[M1]). The saturation magnetion might decrease on Fe3O4 ââ âà ³ Fe2O3 transformation because the magnetization of à ³ Fe2O3 is slightly less than that of Fe3O4 in bulk materials.[j1] It is well known that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles show a superparamagnetic property. When a magnetic field was applied, the dipolar particles aligned themselves with the applied magnetic field, and resulted in a measurable magnetization. The saturation magnetization of theferrofluid was about 35 emu/g in the ferrofluid, which was lower than the saturation magnetization of pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles (50 emu/g), due to the fact that the saturation magnetization reduced significantly when the particle size was smaller than 10 nm. Also, the saturation magnetization of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was lower than that of Fe3O4 nanoparticles .So the saturation magnetization of nanoparticles in the ferrofluid, which consisted of a small amount of Fe2O3 nanoparticles, was lower than that of pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles.[w1] Furthermore, zero remenance and nearly zero coercivity can be observed for the nanoparticles on the hysteresis curve, which indicates that the particles are superparamagnetism.this is related to the fine crystallite size of Fe3O4 particles,which are in the nanometer range. 4. Conclusion In this study, superparamagnetic magnetite ferrofluid were successfully synthesized. The XRD,TEM and VSM techniques were used to characterized the structure size and magnetic properties of nanoparticles. It was concluded that the spherical nanoparticles synthesized in this work were superparamagnetic jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-36583250843766368552020-01-17T11:16:00.001-08:002020-01-17T11:16:04.049-08:00Managing A Business Event EssayEvent organisers are in charge of all parts of an event. They co-ordinate all aspects, from the beginning right through to the end, overseeing all the details and ensuring everything gets completed on time and on budget. While there is a great variety between the different types of events and the different tasks an event organiser will need to do, there are some parts which are almost always the same. Venue/Location The location or locations are very important for different kind of events, the actual event interprets the location which goes with it for example a football match in the world cup will require a 30,000 allocation plus depending on which team is playing. When Brazil is playing for example then they will need a 50,000 or even 60,000 plus seater stadium. It is important that the right stadium catered for the right people because they could be losing money if there are lots of unsold tickets. They have to make sure that there is enough leg room and room for people to pass through without making others move form their seat, they also have to cater for upper class to make sure they get the quality which they want. Catering For the world cup there has to be tons of food outlets both inside and outside the ground so they not only cater for everyone their but they cater for all their needs whatever they may be such as vegetarian or gluten free and other different eating habits. They have to have 10ââ¬â¢s of thousands of burgers hotdogs batches of chips which are most commonly found in football stadiums around the world. They have to make sure they have enough food to last the big rush of customers which often come before half time or on half time because if they queue up for over 10/20 minutes and they donââ¬â¢t get the food they will be annoyed and they would also would miss the first 5 minutes of the first half. The speed of the delivery has to be very fast to get 100ââ¬â¢s of customers with their food and drink and out as soon as they can their will be around a 25 minute gap to do this before the second half starts. Finally drinks have to be provided and both alcoholic and non-alcoholic must b e served to cater for young and old. Planning andà reserving facilities Facilities which need to be reserved and booked in advance are things like burger vans and drinks vending machines all these will have to be booked or bought in advance. Referees will have to be contacted prior to the world cup to make sure that they are okay to referee the in the games. Obviously the main important thing which needs to be free and ready to use is the various number of stadiums and to make sure that theyââ¬â¢re not being used for another other reason. The car spaces will have to be planned and also bus routes to make transport quick easy and efficient for travelling fans and teams from hotels. Setting up The set up for the world cup started as soon as Brazil was announced as the hosts for the tournament. The first things which were set up were the plans of stadiums and thee transport links such as the numerous shuttle busses. Another first initial set up is to make sure it is safe for all fans and players so the Brazilian government have ordered army troops into the favelas of Brazil which are situated near the grounds, so the first few steps were to make sure transport links were designed as well as new pitches and also the security was put in place to calm down hot spots of violence around the city. Accommodation is another vital thing for the world cup because there will be 10ââ¬â¢s of thousands of supporters going to the world cup so they need to make sure there is enough places for people to stay for the appropriate time failure to do this will have people sleeping on the streets which could cause turmoil in the streets, like thieving for example. Programme The programme for the world cup is made a few months in advance because people need to know when to book flights there and back so they know when the game is and how many games they can afford to stay for depending how large the gap is between the two games this is important to be released fairly early so supporters know when to book time off work and how many days they are. Preparing and distributing supporting documents For the world cup this is sending additional information to the buyers andà telling them things like transport links accommodation and also things like sending over the tickets which ay when the game is and what time it kicks offs these will be sent to the buyers house prior to the world cup so they can understand where to go and what to do nearer the time. Organisational procedures These things are like how many people the stadium fits and how many people are allocated to be in line waiting in the queue this is so that there wonââ¬â¢t be any safety hazards such as getting injured via pushing and shoving in the queue. Another organisational procedures are the set times which the teams are lined up to play such as making sure that no games clash and they ar4e all at different times. Legal requirements Some of the legal requirements include: making sure no vandalism is done to the ground as the buyer has agreed to this once purchasing the ticket another requirement is that the people selling things around the ground that they stay in their agreed place and donââ¬â¢t move over into other sellers zones this could cause violence as another is acting upon another location. So the sellers agree to stay in their assign place. The standard football match agreement is also in place in the world cup which is no racist or violent behaviour towards players or the oppositionââ¬â¢s fans. Limits of role As an event organiser it is important that they donââ¬â¢t do all the work and that they share the work load to other people who specialise in different areas such as giving the food responsibility to people who know what the fans want and what the number of items of food per match needs to be ordered. So it is important that the event organiser is able to dish jobs out however must keep an eye on whatââ¬â¢s happening and making sure that the jobs are being done correctly by the other people who have been asked of the organiser. I is important to make sure that the organiser keeps an eye out on the other because they need to know if theyââ¬â¢re on course to finish the job on time and to the best possible standard in which they can possibly do An event organiser needs the following skills to do their job effectively: Communication and interpersonal skills- This is critical to have as an organiser because they need to do a lot of telling people what to do and where to go. They need to be able to communicated with all sorts of working varying from business wear to builders to make sure that they are doing their jobs and to make sure that theyââ¬â¢re on schedule. Time management- It is important for an event organiser to have good time management because they have a number of different things going on all the time and they have got to make sure each one is finished on schedule to make sure everything will be finished on time and so everything runs smoothly. Good time management means the organiser can go to different people instead of focusing on one person and making sure everyone is on track and not just focus on one person thatââ¬â¢s working behind. Problem solving ââ¬â It is important that the event planner has the ability to solve problems that may occur and may not be planned such as at the world cup a referee being ill this can easily be avoided by the getting a back up referee which is either the four official or sometimes the fifth so they can swap for the ref. Failure to have either of these can result in the game being cancelled or abandoned which will lose money to their economy and also it may cause problems for the travelling fans because they may have booked a flight when the game is next to be rescheduled . So it is important that the planner is ready to prepare for the worse and has ways of avoiding the situation. Negotiating- To keep within the events budget the organiser will be forced to negotiate to keep within the budget, so for the world cup he would of have to of negotiated with contractors and builders and manual labourers, the organiser would of tried to get the lowest price possible to get the stadium built to a high standard and as quick as they can. Negotiating for event organiser is vital to keep within budgets and saves the buyers money which would make the organiser highly recommendable to other people seeking a event organiser. Planning ââ¬â The event planner will have to be able to plan long, short and medium situations for example a long term plan is planning where the stadiums are going to be built and how large of a capacity it is going to be, this will take a long time to both think about and also it will take even longer to execute an example of a medium term planning is things like what referees will be appointed to which games and also when the games will take place and at what times they kick off and finally short term would be what food and drinks areà too be sold. An event organiser has to be able to plan all three types and manage the time between planning them efficiently. Resource management- The event planner must make sure that there is enough food and drink for each and every stadium for each game failure to do so will cause the fans to grow inpatient and will prevent buying products I future games and may bring their own food which would lose money. Also they need to make sure that thereââ¬â¢s not only enough food and drink but that thereââ¬â¢s a wide range of options to chose from so the customers are kept happy by the wide selection of service. Monitoring- Because an event planner canââ¬â¢t do all the jobs they have to be able to keep monitoring and checking up on the people who are doing the more complex and longer jobs to make sure that theyââ¬â¢re keeping up and schedule and not slowing anything down. They also have to be very supportive to try and motivate the workers to try and finish early. Evaluating- The event planner has to have a bench mark so that he can see if the job has been done below or above expectation, this is so the person can readjust things if they are up to the standards which they have without a good evaluation the jobs could be done below par and thus upsetting customers which arenââ¬â¢t getting the service which they have paid to get jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-61093039547496066242020-01-09T07:39:00.001-08:002020-01-09T07:39:04.457-08:00The Effects of Domestic Violence - 1831 Words Domestic Violence What effects does domestic violence have on the victim and their families? Domestic violence has a tremendous effect on people lives. It is a terrible crime and is happening each day. It is said that every 9 seconds a women is assaulted or beaten. Domestic violence is the leading cause of injury in women. This crime is very common and happens to people that you may even know. ââ¬Å"Domestic violence is a pattern of abusive and threatening behaviors that may include physical, emotional, economic, and sexual violence as well as intimidation, isolation, and coercion. The purpose of domestic violence is to establish and exert power and control over another; men most often use it against their intimate partners, such as current or former spouses, girlfriends, or dating partners. Domestic violence is often not paid much attention. People tend to look over it and keep moving. Even the victims of domestic violence tend to keep them to their selves. They are afraid to leave their abusers so they stay quiet and refuse to tell anyone about what is happening. Some donââ¬â¢t even think of themselves as abused. People that are close to the situation also overlook it. Family members fail to recognize that someone close to them is getting abused. Domestic violence is a behavior that is learned through observation and reinforcement in both the family and societyâ⠬ . Many of the abusers feel that men have power over women and have the right to use force to ensure that control.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Violence On Domestic Violence1380 Words à |à 6 Pagesobject to violence, because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanentâ⬠, quoted by Mahatma Gandhi. Violence is defined as an unjust or unwarranted exertion of power or force to intentionally injure, damage, or destroy something or someone. Amongst the various types of violence, there is one in particular that has been causing an ongoing debate within societies across the world; this certain type of violence is known as domestic violence. Domestic violence, alsoRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects879 Words à |à 4 PagesDomestic violence is a violent confrontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm. (Berry, 1998) Often when we think of domestic violence, we thin k of a man hitting women but there are many forms of abuse; emotional, sexual, physical and verbal abuse. Domestic violence acts can be committed by men or women, against children or adults. In our society, we are seeing more instances of domestic violence from professional athletes, toRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects971 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Domestic violence can happen to anyone, regardless of race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender.â⬠(Domestic Violence. U.S.) While signs of physical abuse can be seen if the victim has visible bruises, there are other forms of domestic violence that are often missed or overlooked. Victims often live in fear and sadly many times, they fear the person they love the most. It has been proven that at least three women are killed a day by their significant other due to domestic violence, in mostRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects913 Words à |à 4 Pagesbehaviors then you have been in an abusive relationship or if you know someone who is in that type of relationship that person might the abuser or the victim. Domestic Violence is a violent confrontation between family members, a partner (boyfriend- girlfriend, spouses) involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm. Domestic Violence is not always physical like everyone think, it is also emotional, economically and coercion and threats. Many people think that when they are been beatingRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects3294 Words à |à 14 PagesExecutive Summary As many people know, domestic violence is a criminal act involving victims and offenders who are related to one another. Domestic Violence includes intimidation and simple, aggravated, and sexual assault. What most people may not be aware of is that domestic violence has become a national dilemma, with a crime of this type occurring every 9 seconds. Family members try to ignore whatââ¬â¢s happening and neighbors do not want to get involved. The victim is usually helpless to understandRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects2364 Words à |à 10 PagesWhat you imagined was domestic violence. The violent and extremely aggressive behavior displayed in your own home. The very place that should be your sanctuary, is turned into hell. According to the NCADV: Domestic violence is the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another. It includes physical violence, sexual violence, threats, and emotionalRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Domestic Abuse1340 Words à |à 6 Pagesunderestimated, domestic abuse rips families apart every single day. Domestic violence comes in mainly five different forms, physical, sexual, psychological, emotional, and economic. This violence ruins families, demoralizes the victims, and the public downplays the household terrorism that goes on every day. Generally thought of as taboo, the public belittles and humorizes domestic abuse as a way to deal with it, that avoidance must come to an end. The five forms of domestic violence are economicRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Domestic Violence995 Words à |à 4 PagesIn many cases of gender violence there is a physical outburst or unwanted exertion of force. Perhaps the most salient issue which is evident through-out history as a root cause to domestic violence is poverty. Women who are unemployed and become an economic burden to their spouses, who become victims of domestic violence. The individuals in Domestic abuse situations, is battered and abuse by an intimate partner or family member. Domestic violence spreads across social class or race, it can happenRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects1023 Words à |à 5 PagesDomestic Violence is an outline of behaviors used to create authority and control over another person through fear and pressure, frequently including the threat or use of violence. There are diverse forms of domestic violence that affect men, women and children. This mistreatment happens in various forms that include physical, emotional and mental. This abuse begins as threats, then they worsen to verbal abuse and then it ends in physical violence. You may think that the physical abuse and injuriesRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects1616 Words à |à 7 Pages ââ¬Æ' Domestic Violence Domestic violence is a subject that is known about, but most often left behind. At times victims of domestic violence are not even aware that they indeed are victims. It is also common that when one does know about domestic violence, most often it is a woman that is the victim. That is not the case; there are other populations that are effected as well. When people are victims of such acts, they are more likely to develop some type of disorder as well as other issues. Although jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-49966582285767477282020-01-01T04:05:00.001-08:002020-01-01T04:05:04.419-08:00Beer Classification Paper - 1144 Words The history of beer dates back hundreds of years prior to written history. Besides water and tea, beer is one of the most-frequently consumed beverages in the world. Contrary to popular belief, that all beers are typically the same, there are many variances in color, flavor, strength, production method, ingredients and origin. Beer can be divided into 2 broad sub-categories: ale and lager. Ales were the first type of beer ever created before brewers knew the role yeast played during the beer making process. Ale yeasts flocculate at the top of the fermentation tank and are brewed from malted barley using a warm fermentation. The yeast ferments the beer quickly, which gives it a full bodied and fruity taste. They also contain hops, whichâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Something else that adds to the taste of a beer, are additional ingredients. The last major difference between ales and lagers are there supplementary ingredients. Ales typically have more of a malty taste, due to an eleva ted amount of hops, malts, and roasted malts that are added during production. Ale brewers, typically have more leeway with how they produce their beer, and tend to add a several different ingredients during brewing, like the ones mentioned above. These extra ingredients are referred to as, adjuncts. Brewers of lagers only have a few, simple ingredients: malted grain, hops, yeast, and water. The production method of lagers is somewhat due to the stringent Reinheitsgebot Law, also known as the ââ¬Å"German beer purity lawâ⬠. This law prohibits any adjuncts during the brewing process of lagers, only permitting water, barely, and hops as ingredients. Tea and water maybe two of the most consumed beverages in the world, but beer is right behind in a close third. Beer is gradually becoming more and more popular. This is evident through the new trends of beer companies that have begun to accommodate for the new low calorie beer trend. Corona, Heineken, and Anheuser-Busch have led the pack by producing ââ¬Å"Corona Liteâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Heineken Liteâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"Budweiser Selectâ⬠. With more and more companies attending to these trends, beer has broadened their target market. Overall, these companies are innovating the deeply historicShow MoreRelatedStrategic Human Resource Development Framework1614 Words à |à 7 PagesINRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to review academic literature of the different frameworks/models proposed by different researchers and eventually propose a framework of choice which will help leaders to better manage their Human Capital (HC) and understand how to incorporate HR policies into everyday decision making and long term planning. First we start by defining Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). We then look into what purpose it serves in an organisation. Then we look intoRead MoreWendell Smith: Market Segmentation Essay792 Words à |à 4 PagesIn 1956, Wendell Smith published a paper proposing market segmentation as alternative marketing strategy (Smith 1956) and is often credited with popularising the now common place marketing fundamental. Market segmentation is the division of the market into smaller segments of consumers with similar defining characteristics and needs. (Kotler et al, 2013). Marketers will use one or a combination of the main segmentation variables: demographic, geographic, behavioural and psychographic. PsychographicRead MoreThe Psychological Disorder Of The American Psychiatric Association Regarding The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1265 Words à |à 6 Pages Reaction Paper Prepared by: Xiaoying Zhang Prepared for: Dr. Chapman Introduction The fifth edition released by the American Psychiatric Association concerning the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was announced in May of 2013. This version differs because DSM-5 combines two disorders that have been previously identified in DSM-4, which are alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, into one type of disorder. DSM-5 labels this as alcohol use disorder, or AUD, whichRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of August Strindberg s Play Miss Julie1706 Words à |à 7 Pagesopportunities for social mobility. These concepts find life in Jean, the house valet whoââ¬â¢s dreams of improving his social standings are among his list of complex motivations. Seen where he wont sink down to the level of the peasants and drink beer, Jean says ââ¬Å"Beerââ¬âon Midsummer Eve? No, thank you! Then I have something better myself.â⬠Following this he pulls out a bottle of wine referring to it as ââ¬Å"pure.â⬠He will only indulge in the rituals the class he s trives to be apart of does as a symbolic way ofRead More Semantic Phenomena versus Pragmatic Phenomena1277 Words à |à 6 Pages1994). Comparable examples can be constructed for just about any area of natural language. Pragmatic information can enrich a speakers message in ways that extend far beyond determining its central descriptive content. The primary meaning classification here is the CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE. The dialogue in (3), based on one from Grice 1975, illustrates. (3) A: Does Smith have a new girlfriend? B: Hes been spending a lot of time in New York lately. From a semantic perspective, B failsRead MoreWater And Its Properties That Makes It A Essential For All Living Things1204 Words à |à 5 Pagescontains high concentration of solutes and a soft water contains low concentration of solutes 5. The following table shows the water hardness category according to the United States Department of Interior and the Water Quality Association 7. Classification mg/L or ppm Grains/gal Soft 0 - 17.1 0 - 1.0 Slightly hard 17.1 - 60.0 1.0 - 3.5 Moderately hard 60.0 - 120.0 3.5 - 7.0 Hard 120.0 - 180.0 7.0 - 10.5 Very hard 180 over 10.5 over Table 1. Water hardness category It is important to know theRead MoreA Study On Bordeaux Wine2446 Words à |à 10 Pagesculture and industry in Bordeaux intriguing and I wanted to learn more about how Bordeaux became what it is today. To even further my study on Bordeaux wine I decided to compare Bordeaux to another popular wine growing region, Napa Valley. This paper will compare in detail the history, economy, culture and tourism of Napa Valley, California and Bordeaux, France. Napa Valley now contains around 45,5000 acres of vineyards, and these vineyards have 33 different soil types which contribute to theRead More Cyberpunk Definitional Paper1076 Words à |à 5 PagesCyberpunk Definitional Paper In the late 1970s and early 80s and new type of writing style came about that relied on many of the traditional criteria to be called science fiction, but had a certain something else that had many people agreeing that it was not just science fiction. This new style of writing was so different and so many people started writing in this style that the general public decided that it was time this genre of writing deserved a label: cyberpunk. Cyberpunk is not anRead MoreEssay on Red Hot Chili Peppers1622 Words à |à 7 Pagesmany people in Central America. 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In light of recent conflicts the United States has been engaging in, such as the conflicts in the jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-63567053674097869952019-12-23T23:51:00.001-08:002019-12-23T23:51:04.603-08:00A New Zealand Health Issue Teen Pregnancies - 1404 Words Analyse a New Zealand health issue: Teen Pregnancies A health issue is something that affects the well-being of groups or populations in a way that causes (public) concern. In this report I will be discussing why teenage pregnancy is a health issue in New Zealand and how it links to all the determinants of health which are influenced from teen pregnancy and parenthood. I am going to be discussing three determinants of health, these being; cultural, economic and social determinants of health. I will also be including implications and strategies related to teenage pregnancy and motherhood. We can see that there is a health issue when health statistics identify that the problem is affecting not only an individual but also the wider society.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Cultural determinants are related to this New Zealand teen pregnancy and parenthood issue because it is known that the Maori and pacific women have larger families than Europeans. The Maori fertility rate is specifically three times more than Europeans and of this Maori te enagers that become pregnant are also less likely to have an abortion compared to Europeans, which means more people going on the benefit and affecting the wider society as a whole. According to Statistics NZ, Maori teenagers have the highest fertility rate, this in fact being ââ¬Å"70 per 1000 in the years of 2000 to 2002â⬠and the European rate being ââ¬Å"22 per 1000 in the years of 2000 to 2002â⬠. A reason for this is because some Maori families hold a different attitude and have different views towards teenage pregnancy and motherhood. Generally raising a family is highly valued in the Maori culture, so if a teenager was to fall pregnant and have the baby, the baby will be cared for by other family members and there would be a high amount of support compared to neglect or disappointment. The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age. These circumstances are shaped by the distribution of money, power and resources at global, national and local levels. Social determinants relate to this issue because it is one of the key things that is influencing teen pregnancy and/or parenthood. It has beenShow MoreRelatedSmoking Is Bad For The Body1341 Words à |à 6 PagesDid you know that three out of four teens in high school admit to doing or being addicted to drugs? A majority of the teenagers today will more than likely face short or long-term health issues from the usage of ââ¬Å"drugs,â⬠preferably marijuana. What kind of short and long-term health issues you may ask? Well short-term health issues would include drowsiness/relaxation; slowed reaction time; problems with balance and coordination; increased heart rate and appetite; problems with learning and memory;Read MoreMy Personal Experience Of Sexuality Educ ation At Avondale College And St. Dominic s College Essay1707 Words à |à 7 Pageshistory that change our perspectives and priorities.By using my personal experience of sexuality education at Avondale College and St.Dominicââ¬â¢s College,I aim to demonstrate the ever increasing importance of comprehensive sexuality education in New Zealand and show how the current curriculum very successfully promotes heteronormativity but often fails to wholeheartedly acknowledge desire,homosexualtity and teenage pregnancy.This failure to acknowlege key aspects of sexuality in schools has numerousRead MoreEssay On Teen Pregnancy1590 Words à |à 7 PagesTeen Pregnancy Task 1 Teenage pregnancy has been around for thousands of years, and in the past was in fact an ideal among societies of past times, such as the Ancient Greeks, the Medieval Era, and even as late as the 20th century. Teenage women were thought to be at the prime age for baring children, and often as soon as they were married, fell pregnant. However, in this era, women have more opportunities to go further and reach higher in life, they have the chance to be successful, and to rivalRead MoreThe Dilemma of a Pregnant Teenage In the world of today, one of the most predominant controversies,1000 Words à |à 4 Pagesdecades is ââ¬ËTeenage Pregnancyââ¬â¢. Teenage pregnancy, affects different aspects of life, the newborn, mother and family of the teenagers involved. Few people believe that the society should be reprimanded. But I believe the society, should not take all the blame. In spite of societal blames, teens having unprotected/protected sex and getting pregnant are personal decisions. There is just a little that any society can do to avert such activities. In todayââ¬â¢s world teenage pregnancy could be precluded andRead MoreThe Responses That Briggs Et Al1743 Words à |à 7 Pageset al. (2013) showed that 5% of women said that influences from family or friends was a reason to seek an abortion. This included thinking that a baby would have a negative impact on their family or friends, not wanting others to know about the pregnancy and judge them, and/or peer pressure from friends and famil y. Briggs et al. (2013) also found women reported not wanting to have to put the baby up for adoption and/or not wanting the baby as a reason for seeking abortion, which was 4% of responsesRead MoreModern Medicine, Traditional Medicine And Complementary And / Or Alternative Medicine1517 Words à |à 7 Pages`Mental health has three types of treatments. Western Scientific Medicine, Traditional Medicine and Complementary and/or Alternative Medicine. Western Scientific Medicine Definition: A system in which medical doctors and other healthcare professionals (such as nurses, pharmacists, and therapists) treat symptoms and diseases using drugs, radiation, or surgery. Also allopathic medicine, biomedicine, conventional medicine, mainstream medicine, and orthodox medicine. Traditional Medicine Definition:Read MoreQuestions On The On Teenage Pregnancy Essay3086 Words à |à 13 Pagesidentified was, ââ¬Å"teenage pregnancyâ⬠. While researching for information on teenage pregnancy, findings showed that it was too broad as there were too many sub-topics. For example, cultural differences, impacts on families, society and many more. Therefore further research was conducted so that the area of interest could be narrowed down. The topic was refined to ââ¬Å"How does socio-economic factors of teenage pregnancy affect the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand?â⬠as an appropriateRead MoreAn Analysis of Sexual Health in New Zealand Youth3698 Words à |à 15 PagesWhy are increased levels of sexual education in schools not reducing rates of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in New Zealand adolescents? Although sexual health is a component of our national curriculum, and so is taught in all New Zealand high schools, there are still concernedly high rates of unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections in New Zealand adolescents. A multidisciplinary approach can be used to uncover the potential reasons behind thisRead MoreThe Problem Of Adolescent Parenthood Essay1605 Words à |à 7 Pages Adolescent parenthood has been a growing issue in New Zealand and also around the world. It has continually been seen as a social problem, which causes the coping of young parents to be altered and affected, such as the case study of Ben and Ashley. Part One Two In this case study, Ashley and Ben are facing one of the hardest situations that they could face in their teen years. Coping and adjusting will be difficult for them because of their age and also because they had no mental preparationRead MoreEssay about Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy1172 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy à Introduction This research proposal implies on teenage pregnancy and its effect on academic progression. There will be association between teenage pregnancy and academic progression places evidence that education should put weight on reality adhering to teenage pregnancy. Understanding teenage pregnancy within UK context is adamant to the purpose of study. Thus, the expectation that teenage pregnancy will be reduced by proper academic programs jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-79458882523326503242019-12-15T20:20:00.001-08:002019-12-15T20:20:04.626-08:00Generation of Electricity Through Coal in Pakistan Free Essays At present, the people are facing severe loadshedding/blackout problems due to shortage of power supply. Industries are closing down. Millions of Man hours have been lost leading to an increase in poverty and economic loss of billions of rupees to the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Generation of Electricity Through Coal in Pakistan or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is happening despite the facts that about 60% of Pakistanââ¬â¢s population has an access to electricity. And according to World Energy Statistics 2011, published by IEA, Pakistanââ¬â¢s per capita electricity consumption is one-sixth of the World Average. World average per capita electricity Consumption is 2730 kWh compared to Pakistanââ¬â¢s per capita electricity consumption of 451kWh. It is imperative to understand the crises. According to Pakistan Energy Year Book 2011, Pakistanââ¬â¢s installed capacity for power generation is 22,477MW and the demand is approximately the same. The question arises that if the demand and supply has no gap then why we are facing such a crucial electricity crises. To get the answer we need to look into Pakistanââ¬â¢s electricity generation mix fuel wise. Unfortunately, oil gas has 67% share in electricity generation. Pakistan is generating 35% of its electricity from furnace oil that is mostly imported. Pakistan spends over 12 billion US dollars for the import of furnace oil high speed diesel and crude petroleum that amount is equivalent to 60% of total export earnings and is a serious strain on countryââ¬â¢s economy. It was recorded that in year 2011, the import of furnace oil increased by 19% compared to 2010 import. Moreover, the imported furnace oil is high sulphur furnace oil because low sulphur furnace oil is costly. The gaseous emissions from High sulphur furnace oil are polluting the environment and deteriorating the power plants as well. The bitter fact is that the per unit cost of electricity generated from imported furnace oil is high and is expected to increase further due to high forecasted increase in the oil prices. The per unit price of the electricity generated from furnace oil is neither viable for industrial consumers nor for domestic consumers. At the same time, Pakistan is generating 32% of its electricity from Natural Gas. According to Pakistan Energy Year Book, 2011, Pakistan has 27. 5trillion cubic feet (TCF) balance recoverable gas reserves. Current gas production is 4 billion cubic feet per day (bcfd) and the demand is 6 bcfd. The gas production is expected to fall to less than 01 bcfd by 2025 due to depletion and demand will increase to 8 bcfd. While depleting the indigenous natural gas reserves, about one third of the natural gas is used for electricity eneration (32%) causing a severe domestic and industrial load shedding. That has significantly damaged countryââ¬â¢s export earnings and increased the import bill. The proposed Iran gas pipeline would provide only 01 bcfd at a cost of $ 1. 25 billion. The proposed TAPI gas pipeline would provide 3. 2 bcfd to 3 countries at a cost of $ 7. 6 billion. In response to a demand of 8 bcfd, we will be having 3 bcfd in 2025 if both proposed are completed. The gap will be 5 bcfd. The available gas will have 66% share of costly imported gas. In the light of above elucidated facts, it is evident that it will not be possible to feed gas based power plants in future that contribute 32 % of the power generation. In the light of above discussion, it is evident that electricity generated from Oil and gas is not an economically feasible option and the installed capacity of about 15000MW (67%) out of 22477MW would not be operational. International Energy Agency has forecasted that total electricity demandof the country will be 49078MW in 2025. This is a great challenge to enhance the installed capacity to 50000MW from 7000MW. Currently, Pakistan is generating 6481 MW of electricity from hydel sources that is 29% of the total installed capacity. If country completes all the proposed hydel projects including Bhasha Dam, the hydel contribution would be 15000MW until 2025 that is 29%. The biggest challenge is to redesign the electricity portfolio and substitute the oil and gas with an abundantly available indigenous fuel source. Pakistan must develop indigenous energy resources to meet its future electricity needs. Pakistan can overcome this energy crisis by utilising its un-used coal reserves. Coal is a game changer for Pakistan. Currently, 40. 6% of worldââ¬â¢s electricity is being generated from coal and it is the single largest contributor in world electricity generation. By looking at the electricity generation mix of the countries that are blessed with coal, it is evident that coal is the largest contributor. For instance, Poland, South Africa, China, India, Australia ,Czech Republic, Kazakhstan, Germany, USA,UK, Turkey , Ukraine and Japan are generation 96%, 88%,78%, 78%, 77%, 72%, 69. 9%, 52. %, 52%, 37%, 31. 3%, 27. 5% and 22. 9% of electricity from coal. Pakistan is the only country that is blessed with 185 billion tons of coal and is producing negligible electricity from coal 0. 6%). Thar deposit alone is estimated to be 175 billion tons. It is further estimated that if all the Thar coal is extracted out and converted into electricity through coal fired power plants, it can provide 100,000MW for more than 500 years. There is a dire need to devise a strategy to utilise Thar Coal for power generation. Centre for Coal Technology Punjab University has conducted analysis of 328 samples of coal from all four provinces and AK including Thar coal. A substantial amount of coal in Punjab, Balochistan, KPK, AK and Sindh has high sulphur and ash content that is a challenge to utilise this coal for power generation. All the analysis carried out since 1994 to 2012 by G Couch, geological survey of Pakistan, Oracle coal fields, Centre for coal technology show that Thar coal has a sulphur content up to 1% that is the beauty of this coal that makes it suitable for direct combustion for power generation. At UK-Pakistan coal conference where CEO of world association for Underground coal gasification (UCG ) Julie Lauder and Robert Davidson of International Energy Agency gave presentations and informed the audience that UCG is still in experimentation stage and pilot operations are being carried out at various locations but UCG syn gas is not being used commercially yet. The experimentation is going on since 1928 for the coals that are deeper than 300 meters and not minable. Let me make it clear that I am not against UCG as a technique. My considered opinion is that Thar geology is against the pre-requisites for UCG. Here are some concerns regarding UCG of Thar Coal: 1. The geological structure of Thar block three has been published by geological survey of Pakistan. This structure is against the fundamentals of Underground gasification (UCG) given in every book. First condition for UCG is that the coal should be 300 metre or more deep. Where as in Thar the coal seams are present at a depth of 150 meter. Secondly, there should be no water around the deposit whereas Thar coal is immersed in water. The aquifer above the coal zone is at about 120 m. then a strata of sand stone and clay stone. The water table ranges between 52. 70 to 93. 27 meter depth. Right below the first coal zone, there are two to three perched aquifers that are aquifers within coal zone with sand horizons of medium to coarse grains. According to experts, the water can also be used for irrigation. Then after the coal seams, a deep aquifer at 200m depth is present. This aquifer is a source of water for tube wells installed in Thar. 2. Moreover, all the analysis carried out by various organisations at different times show that coal itself contains about 46% moisture in it. 3. For complete burning of coal in UCG, a temperature of 1000C is required. It is anticipated that the temperature will not be maintained at 1000 C due to 46% moisture leading to an incomplete burning of coal. The volatile matter will burn and FC content / the most valuable component may remain un-burnt leading to a very low HV gas. 4. About one year ago, Dr. M. Saleem (a member of Dr. Samar Team) predicted that the syn gas obtained will have a calorific value of 106 BTU/cubic foot. Now they claim that they have obtained a gas but have not declared the calorific value yet. This claimed HHV is one-tenth of Natural gas. Due to high moisture content, it would be lower than this claimed value. 5. It is expected to yield production of very low ââ¬â grade and uneconomic syn gas, bearing high proportions of water vapours, carbon dioxide and sulphureted. 6. The gas with such a low heating value cannot be linked with the national grid. On 25th July, 2012 Dr. Samar briefing Standing Committee on Information Technology said that gas companies have refused to buy this gas. 7. If the heat contained in 46% moisture, compressors energy consumption, energy required for carbon dioxide removal, water removal, H2S, (Hydrogen Sulphide) HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide) removal, tar removal and other operational energy consumption is subtracted from the per unit syngas net heating value (that is vital for power generation) will be further lowered. 8. As the gasification proceeds, the water seepage from the upper aquifer will continue leading to further decrease in temperatures inside the chambers resulting further incomplete burning and yielding much lower HV gas along with un used air. . The sulphur content in the Thar coal will generate H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide) during gasification leading to an environmental catastrophe in Thar as a result of poisonous gases like H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide) and HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide) from the UCG chambers to the surface through the very loose overlying strata and through newly developed or pre-existing cracks etc. 10. There will possibly be con tamination of underground water so precious in Thar area, with poisonous chemicals originating from the burn chambers. 11. Proper scrutiny of Thar coal project is missing. One cannot find the models of the Thar UCG operation especially the reaction kinetics, heat transfer, gas flow etc ? that are fundamental for every project. 12. For UCG research, experts are of the opinion that the location allotted block V is not a right location because to stop the operation will not be easy and that can destroy the entire deposit. It should have been an isolated location. On the basis above stated concerns, Production of very low ââ¬â grade and uneconomic syn gas, bearing high proportions of water vapours, carbon dioxide and sulphurated hydrogen due to high water and sulphur contents of the Thar coal is expected. The scope of Dr. Samar Mubarak Mand project was to generate electricity. But after claimed trials, he is now trying to give a new lolly pop to the nation that Diesel and methanol will be produced from Thar coal gas. The question is that India, China and USA and all other countries are generating electricity from coal why they are not producing methanol and diesel? Can you tell the nation how much percentage of global coal is used for these obsoleted routes compared to the coal used for power generation? Pakistan has about 83 sugar mills and methanol can be produced as by product of sugar at much cheaper rate with very little investment compared to the coal route suggested by Dr. Samar. Being a coal technologist and chemical process technologist I can warn that without knowing the process details, economics and economies of scale, a nuclear- political scientist is misleading the nation. If UCG of Thar is a wise option, why commercial organisations like Sindh Engro coal Mining Company, Oracle coal field, UK and Global Mining, China are opting open pit mining at Thar. Definitely, any profit making organisation that believes in ââ¬Å"no free lunchâ⬠will go for tested commercial technologies. Only a group of retired hit and trial masters from various fields other than coal can afford this luxury on state expenses. Currently,8142 trillion watt hour of electricity is being generated from world coal. Out of which how much is generated from UCG? The answer is zero. In response to my post UK-PK coal conference statement of Dr . Samar Mubarak Mandââ¬â¢s lobby through a journalist managed a news item against me in Daily News on 23rd July, 2012. I strongly condemn the highly objectionable language he used. Instead of presenting his view point he tried for character assassination. He declared me as an American agent because I have technically exposed them. I understand that Dr. Samar and his fellows who get heavy Financial benefits from Thar UCG project consider everyone as their personal enemy who criticize the Thar UCG project honestly. Dr. A. Q Khan raised questions on Thar UCG project and declared that Dr Samar intellectually dishonest. Is he an American Agent? Now a days, Dr. Samar Mubarak Mand is running PPP Election Campaign to get heavy funds released. Despite the appearance of Dr. Samar in PPP media campaign on TV for next elections, Federal Minister for water and power Chaudhry Ahmad Mukhtar has stated in a TV talk show ââ¬Å"Awam ki Adalatâ⬠on Geo TV dated 15-07-2012 that there is no truth in Dr. Samarââ¬â¢s claims. Is he an American Agent? Dr. Shahid Naveed, Dean of Engineering, University of Engg Tech Lahore has similar views on Thar UCG project. Is he an American agent? Daily The Nation in its editorial on 11 august 2012, wrote that Dr Mubarakmandââ¬â¢s has been the lone voice in the country advocating the idea and demanded a team of world class experts to do a feasibility study, covering technical as well as financial aspects prior to pour huge investment in this project that is what I have pointed out. What. The senior journalist with so-called solid knowledge should learn the art of investigation based journalism and note that I have doctorate in the area of coal technology from UK and many international research publications in high impact factor journals are on my credit. I am not an alien in the field of coal technology like Dr. Samar Mubarak Mand. As far as the Angren project is concerned, no doubt itââ¬â¢s one of the oldest UCG site but IEA still ranked it as ââ¬Å"pilot projectâ⬠. It is an admitted fact that UCG as a technique is still not a commercial technology. My considered opinion is that opening pit mining is the right strategy to extract coal. Once the coal is in our hands, there will be many invertors for the establishment of coal-fired power generation plants and our beloved country would enjoy 100000MW cheaper electricity for five hindered years. The writer is the Professor Director of Centre for Coal Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore. This news was published in print paper. Access complete paper of this day. Electricity has become an essential part of our lives and its outage adversely affects the countryââ¬â¢s economic growth and daily lives of common people. Since the past few decades, there has been an enormous increase in the demand of electricity and no appreciative steps have been taken to cope up this issue. Now the demand has exceeded supply and ââ¬Ëloadsheddingââ¬â¢ has become a common issue. Every day an outage of 3-4 hours has to be faced by the people and in summer season the outage length increases to an unbearable level which is making the lives miserable for everyone. What is the government doing to ensure a sustainable supply of energy resources for economic growth? What strategic steps are being taken to acquire energy resources in future? Is private sector willing to invest in Pakistanââ¬â¢s oil industry? What are the incentives being offered to the foreign players to continue working in the exploration sector? What hurdles are stopping other big players around the world to enter Pakistan? What is the role of gas distribution companies so far? Are the citizens of Pakistan being robbed by energy giants with ever rising utility bills? What should be the real price of petroleum, kerosene and other oil products in Pakistan? When will the nation have ââ¬Å"loadshedding freeâ⬠electric supply? Have we been able to make long term contracts with the countries to provide uninterrupted supply of energy resources? Will the government be able to provide enough sources to the citizens for a sustainable economic growth? Have we lost the race for acquiring maximum energy resources for future survival? Pakistan has rich reserves of coal. Most of the power generation in many parts of the world is being done by using coal as an energy resource. Thar, Lakhra, Badin etc are some of the mammoth coal reserves in Pakistan. If we talk about Thar reserves only we get astonishing facts. Thar coal reserves of Sindh are about 850 trillion cubic feet, which is more than oil reserves of Saudi Arabia and Iran put together. These reserves are estimated at 850 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of gas, about 300 times higher than Pakistanââ¬â¢s proven gas reserves of 28 TCF. Dr Murtaza Mughal, President of Pakistan Economy Watch, in a statement said that these reserves of coal worth USD 25 trillion could not only cater to the electricity requirements of the country for the next 100 years but also save almost billions of dollars in staggering oil import bill. Just two percent usage of Thar coal can produce 20,000 MW of electricity for next 40 years, without any single second of loadshedding and if the whole reserves are utilised, then it can easily be imagined how much energy could be generated. The coal power generation would cost Pakistan PKR 5. 7 per unit while power generated by Independent Power Projects cost PKR 9. 27 It requires just 420 billion rupees initial investment whereas Pakistan receives annually 1220 billion from tax only. Chinese and other countriesââ¬â¢ companies have not only carried out surveys and feasibility of this project but also offered 100 percent investment in the last seven to eight years but the ââ¬Å"petroleum gangâ⬠always discouraged them in a very systematic way. Petroleum lobby is very strong in Pakistan and they are against any other means of power generation except for the imported oil. This lobby is the major beneficiary of the increasing oil bill that is estimated to be above 15 billion dollar this year. Beyond the shadow of any doubt coal energy is the most viable solution to the energy crisis situation in Pakistan. The government should seriously think about it and put untiring efforts to cater to the energy crisis situation in Pakistan by utilising coal reserves. BUSHRA ASIM Karachi Tuesday, May 22, 2012 More Sharing ServicesShare|Share on facebookShare on twitterShare on linkedinShare on stumbleuponShare on emailShare on facebook_like| Thar coal ââ¬â Pakistanââ¬â¢s hope for energy self-sufficiency By Amjad Agha Recently it has been reported that the Planning Commission has decided to stop further financing of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) Project at Thar, since no encouraging results are forthcoming. This UCG project is the brainchild of Dr Samar Mubarakmand, who has been working on it for the last couple of years. This news has been given lot of coverage by the media, and a wrong impression is being created as if the Planning Commission has rejected the Thar coal. It is surprising that so far the Planning Commission has not clarified their position. Obviously the objection pertains to underground gasification of the Thar coal and not the mining of the huge deposit of coal. Thar coal deposits are the largest resource discovered in the country, which can provide the much-needed solution for generating large amount of electricity for many many years at affordable price. The estimates indicate that 135 to 175 billion tonnes of lignite coal can be obtained from the deposit, which can produce thousands of megawatts of electricity for decades. Thar coal can be obtained by open cast mining similar to the method used all over the world. The UCG is a method of converting unworked coal ââ¬â coal still in the ground ââ¬â into a combustible gas, which can be used for power generation. The UCG is at present not extensively used commercially, but research is going on to make it commercially attractive. However, the open pit mining of coal is the normal method being used, and most of the coal is being obtained in this manner. The UCG method is still in the research stage and if found suitable for Thar coal, it will be useful and economical. Therefore, Dr Mubarakmandââ¬â¢s project may be curtailed but should not be stopped until it reaches final outcome. The open cast mining of Thar coal is the project, which the nation has been keenly awaiting, but for some unknown reasons the work on it has still not started. Couple of months ago an article ââ¬ËThar Coal and Energy Securityââ¬â¢ by Muhammad Younus Dagha was printed in Dawn newspaper. Dagha is the secretary coal and energy Sindh. In the article, he had stated that final arrangement have been completed by Global Mining Company of China for Block-1 and another by Sindh Engro Coal Mining for Block-II. The mining on these projects shall reportedly start by June. Are these dates still valid? The public is desperately waiting for any good news about electricity. The Planning Commission should immediately clarify their statement on Thar coal and inform the public about the real status on start of mining. In my recent paper ââ¬ËElectricity Crisis and Circular Debtââ¬â¢, it was explained that real cause of the electricity crisis in the country is due to faulty fuel mix as we are using the highly expensive furnace oil as the main fuel for generating electricity. The fuel cost to generate one Kwh (unit) of electricity through furnace is about Rs 17-18. This does not include the fixed charges for the plant, transmission and distribution costs and losses etc. Since the government cannot afford to buy the oil at this high price, therefore several thermal power plants are shut down or producing much below their capacity. A news item indicated recently that monthly requirement of furnace oil for power plants is 32,000 tonnes but only 10,000 tonnes of oil is being imported. Obviously the generation is accordingly low. The natural gas is another fuel which is being used but is in short supply and very little is available for generation of electricity. The country needs $5 billion for the import of oil, only one-third of the amount will be required if the fuel mix is changed from oil. Globally about 21,000Twh of electricity is consumed per year, 41 percent of this electricity is generated through coal. China generates 78 percent of its electricity through coal, India 68 percent, USA 48 percent but Pakistan only 0. 1 percent. The world does not use oil for electricity, as less than five percent of the world electricity is generated through oil, but Pakistan is using oil for 40 percent of its electricity, which obviously it cannot afford. Itââ¬â¢s time that we wake up to these realities, and concentrate on mining Thar coal and start generating electricity through this indigenous resource. Obtaining natural gas through fracturing of underground shale rocks is big news these days. The US is leading in this technology, and China is following very fast. Does Pakistan have any plans for expanding our natural gas production, again no information is passed on to the public. The writer is president of the Associated Consulting Engineers, former managing director of NESPAK, and former chief executive of Pakistan Hydro Consultants for the Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project How to cite Generation of Electricity Through Coal in Pakistan, Essay examples jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-87007521960389158292019-12-07T17:04:00.001-08:002019-12-07T17:04:02.716-08:00Recent Migrants East London And Birmingham -Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Recent Migrants East London And Birmingham? Answer: Introduction Society is formed when different individuals come together as a unit and perform specific roles. Individuals are the essence of a society, the most important element and the societys existence depends on them. When this element causes any disturbance, it affects the society as a whole. However, when this social group confronts something or someone that does not portray traits similar to theirs, it resists. accounting to Wessendorf (2017), dissimilarities arise within a society when an individual fails to comply with the norms set by the society. The given essay discusses the impact of Brexit on the British society as a whole. It tries to analyze the possible reasons for the outbreak of racial and religious attacks post Brexit by applying different theories of social science. Understanding relationships between individuals and social groups Social groups are formed by individuals who possess similar characteristics, have a collective sense of unity and interact frequently with each other. Many social science scholars have argued that individuals acquire majority of their character traits from the groups they are in. In contrast to this, other scholars have argued that although individuals are a part of the group but they have their own individualism. Apfelbaum, Stephens and Reagans (2016), believe that every individual takes part in some or the other group at different stages of his or her social life. Some of these groups play a crucial role in shaping the life of the individual and even define the place an individual has in the society. On the other hand, Knight and Eisenkraft (2015), point out that it is not possible to view individual and society separately as both are intertwined and one cannot have an existence without the other. It was found from many sources that the incidences of hate crimes had increased by 57% during the period of the polls and declaration of results. On the other hand, an operations that reports attacks on Islamic community found that 33 attacks were reported within 72 hours after Brexit whereas previously the rate was 40-45 incidences in a month (Theguardian.com, 2018). Theories and concepts explaining religious and racial discrimination in Britain after Brexit Certain theories define this intricate relationship between the self and the society. A better understanding of this relationship can be formed by relating it to the Looking Glass Self Theory of Charles Cooley. According to him, it is a reflective process where the interaction of the self is likened to looking at reflection in the mirror. Individuals perceive themselves based on the perception of others. To put it in simpler words, people tend to imagine the way others judge them based on their appearance, thus giving rise to feelings of inferiority and insecurity. Cooley identifies two groups with which an individual interacts the primary group and the secondary group. Primary group includes family and friends with whom individuals have upfront conversation regularly. While on the other hand, secondary group comprises people with whom individuals do interact face-to-face regularly such as colleagues and bosses. Individuals tend to be closer to the primary group and sympathize with them whereas they perceive secondary group as others and hence do not sympathize them. The British people who voted for Brexit acquired the perception that the others that is non-British people do not belong to their group. Katwala, Rutter and Ballinger (2016) present a precise explanation of the racial incidents that occurred in UK post Brexit. His explanation can be drawn to associate the incidents with the Looking Glass Theory emphasized by Cooley. According to the author, the attacks and abuses on non-British people surfaced as a result of the developing notion that Britain has announced its sovereignty once again and that it has the authority to make its own rules and regulations now. The British people took this in an altogether different sense thus resulting in widespread racial discrimination. They became the individual in Cooleys Looking Glass who acquired the self-concept that he or she ought to defend the countrys integrity from the others, else he or she would be judged wrongly. Cooleys theory was further developed by Mead in his formulation of the I and Me theory. This theory defines that the individual possess different versions of the self; one that the individual forms from his own imagination that is the I and the other that is formed from imagining others perspective of the self, which is the Me. The struggle between I and Me often prompts individuals to commit things they might not have done. Examples can be given from the hate crimes post Brexit. Those involved in it, might have taken up the I role of the defender of the countrys borders from the outsiders and thus made racist attacks (Ntampoudi, 2017). Viewing the racial discriminations from the perspective of the non-British people, the I and Me theory gives useful insights into the way they might have felt before and after Brexit. Prior to Brexit, the non-British people did not have to face any consequences of the Me. The only struggle they had was with themselves, the I. However, things changed a nd they became increasingly conscious of the Me as they tried harder to fit into this Me perspective in order to survive the attacks. Socialization refers to the means by which individuals try to support their individual feelings and behaviors to that of the society. To cite an example, an individual might not be prompted to attack another individual but he or she might still do it in order to fit into the dominant group (Thomsen Olsen, 2017). The self has many identities including the social self that is made up of the features that are derived from the broader society and groups. The Social Identity Theory helps define the social self more elaborately (Lamb, 2015). The theory explains the means and reasons by which an individual develops his or her social identity and the reasons for discrimination in the society. The Self Categorization Theory is a development of the Social Identity theory (Reynolds Subasic, 2016). The theory describes the cerebral mechanisms that explain the reasons for the surfacing of different social identities into our minds and how they attain prominence. In case of Brexit incited racism, those who were involved in racial discriminations and hate crimes, must have categorized their social identities as protectors or controllers of the countrys borders (David Drake, 2016). Developing a social integration plan to strengthen racial and religious harmony in the UK In a country like the UK, where ethnic and religious diversity constitute a good part of the population, it becomes important to have a social integration plan developed (Swami et al., 2017). The plans suggested by her however lack depth and understanding of the overall condition. A training program especially for the British people must be initiated to marketing them understand the true meaning of Brexit. This should be followed by awareness programs that portray the contribution of different ethnic and religious communities into making Britain the nation it is today. Then, those groups and individuals who were responsible for the racial attacks and abuses on non-British people after the Brexit decision must be sent to rehabilitation centers where they should be given lessons on Britains cultural and social history. Conclusion In the end, it can be stated that the origins and causes of hate crimes including prejudice and discrimination against other communities is not a new thing in Britain. However, people feared to come out openly and express their hate but that changed after Brexit. The essay established association between racism occurring in Britain with the social theories that help understand the incidences better. A social integration plan has also been suggested in the essay with references from previous works by other researchers. The Social Identity Theory and the Self Categorization Theory have been mentioned to explain the cognitive processes that lead to such events. References: Apfelbaum, E. P., Stephens, N. M., Reagans, R. E. (2016). Beyond one-size-fits-all: Tailoring diversity approaches to social groups.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,111, 547-566. David, M., Drake, H. (2016). Foreword:Life Is Going to Be Different in the Future.Journal of Contemporary European Research,12(4). Katwala, S., Rutter, J., Ballinger, S. (2016). What next after Brexit?.British Future, August. Knight, A. P., Eisenkraft, N. (2015). Positive is usually good, negative is not always bad: The effects of group affect on social integration and task performance.Journal of Applied Psychology,100(4), 1214. Lamb, H. (2015). Social development theory, social identity theory and computer supported collaborative learning: An examination of peer group influences, factors and behaviors. InSociety for Information Technology Teacher Education International Conference(pp. 108-113). Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). Ntampoudi, I. (2017). Post-Brexit Models and Migration Policies: Possible Citizenship and Welfare Implications for EU Nationals in the UK. InAfter Brexit(pp. 245-270). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Reynolds, K. J., Subasic, E. (2016). We See Things Not as They Are, but as We Are: Social Identity, Self-Categorization, and Perception.Psychological Inquiry,27(4), 348-351. Swami, V., Barron, D., Weis, L., Furnham, A. (2017). To Brexit or not to Brexit: The roles of Islamophobia, conspiracist beliefs, and integrated threat in voting intentions for the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum.British Journal of Psychology. Theguardian.com. (2018).A frenzy of hatred: how to understand Brexit racism.the Guardian. Retrieved 22 January 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/29/frenzy-hatred-brexit-racism-abuse-referendum-celebratory-lasting-damage Thomsen, J. P. F., Olsen, M. (2017). Re-examining Socialization Theory: How Does Democracy Influence the Impact of economics on Anti-Foreigner Sentiment?.British Journal of Political Science,47(4), 915-938. Wessendorf, S. (2017). Migrant belonging, social location and the neighbourhood: Recent migrants in East London and Birmingham.Urban Studies, 0042098017730300. jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-53703007829471866432019-11-30T04:46:00.001-08:002019-11-30T04:46:03.974-08:00The Rough Life of a Lobster Essay Example For Students The Rough Life of a Lobster Essay The treatment of lobsters and whether or not it is right to prepare them as food is a highly debated matter that is continuously being brought up in our society. Lobsters are one of the most majestic and interesting creatures that our waters have to offer. These poor animals are becoming the victims of widespread cruelty due to over-harvesting and by the very inhumane methods of preparation that are used to cook these lobsters. The effects of these bad behaviors create much debate in the world, which extend to countless individuals. The overall cruelty that is demonstrated towards lobsters is damaging to both the lobster population and societyââ¬â¢s reputation and these acts of brutality must be stopped. We will write a custom essay on The Rough Life of a Lobster specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Although the harvesting and preparation of lobster is becoming increasingly looked down upon by many, there still remain some benefits of the existing lobster industry. The practice of catching lobster and selling them in open markets is one of the oldest traditions that exist in the coastal towns of the New England region and the local people take great pride in the animal. The Maine Lobster Festival held every year in late July is a good attraction for tourism and is a staple for the midcoast region (Wallace 156). The lobster industry also brings in countless amounts of revenue to these coastal economies through marketing the actual product, hosting festivals, and even selling various types of lobster-based merchandise. There is good reason to believe that these towns would struggle greatly if the lobster industry goes away entirely. In addition to cultural and economic reasoning for support of lobster cultivation, arguments can be made that the preparation method of lobster is not inhumane at all due to the overall anatomical makeup of the lobster. Some evidence suggests that lobsters may not even have the ability to feel pain at all because it has been scientifically hypothesized that lobsters most likely do not posses the ability to feel pain in the same way that we do due to the lack of pain receptive equipment that absorbs opioids that are responsible for handling intense pain (Wallace 174). Finally, since many people believe strongly in the preparation of other types of food such as beef and pork, these groups of people do not see a difference between the cooking of these types of animals and lobsters. These people are more than likely not opposed to eating meat and think that taking advantage of other less evolved species is essential to the survival of human beings. They also more than likely do not ponder about what really goes into the actual preparation of these meats and would be shocked to see the true details. There are some good reasons for the cultivation and preparation of lobsters that sill exist in our society that is increasingly becoming against the practice. Nowadays, lobsters are quickly evolving into one of the most popular foods consumed in our world due to its lure from attachment to the rich and upper-class societies. This increased popularity is taking its toll to the overall well being and existence of the wonderful lobster population that resides in our oceans. These magnificent creatures have evolved from their humble beginnings where they were overly fed to the poor and institutionalized to now being sought after by endless people seeking a fancy meal (Wallace 162). Lobsters can be found in almost every grocery story, supermarket, and anywhere meat is sold all across our country. The overwhelming popularity has allured the fishing industries to seek out these lobsters in greater and greater numbers, which is doing almost endless damage to the population amounts. Unlike other types of meat such as pork and beef, there is no way to actually farm these animals for the sole purpose of food due to uncertainties of breeding methods. Therefore, when harvesting from the natural population of lobsters continues to increase, the numbers of these animals continues to decrease due to inadequate time for reproduction into newer generations. Over cultivation has also taken away numerous victims from older generations of the lobster population. .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .postImageUrl , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:hover , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:visited , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:active { border:0!important; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:active , .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3 .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b0fccb9ac9e664261bf5e904598cef3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Mayor of Casterbridge Essay PaperThere exists some forms of regulation that attempt to prevent the over harvesting of these lobsters, but more must be imposed before we lose these wonderful creature forever. Lobsters can live to be over 100 years old and grow to over 30 pounds and too many of these very old creatures are being captured, further dwindling their numbers. In many cases, the especially large lobsters are even kept as trophies in especially small tanks for many years, not allowing for the natural living habits that they exhibit. Many people even try to free these large lobsters from the cramped cages back to their natural habitat, like in the case of ââ¬Å "Nickâ⬠from ââ¬Å"The Luckiest Lobsterâ⬠, where he was liberated from his cramped tank and driven all the way from Pennsylvania to the coastal waters of Maine into freedom (Radiolab). Many people do this as both a good deed to the suffering lobster, but also as a protest against the overall cruelty that is demonstrated towards the animal. The ever-increasing popularity of the lobster has led to dwindling population numbers and an uncertain future for these wonderful animals. When preparing a lobster to be eaten, there are numerous ways that it can be conducted. However, the most overwhelmingly popular method of cooking is by boiling the lobster alive in a large pot until it is eventually killed and fully cooked from the boiling water. This approach is seriously inhumane and creates uneasy feelings for many people. There is good reason to believe that these animals do truly suffer from this boiling process. In many cases the lobster fights to try and escape the lid of the pot, even up until its final moments of life. Some report that the lobsters even scream when introduced to the boiling water. While many explain this to actually be air escaping the body of the lobster, it is still extremely disturbing and makes people truly sympathize for the poor dying lobster (Wallace 171). However, alternative methods of preparation are available to be conducted. These include some that seem to be equally cruel such as microwaving them alive, and others that seem to be slightly more humane which involves actually stabbing the lobster in the head and killing it quickly before it is boiled. Although these alternative methods exist, it is still upsetting to think about the overall nature of eating lobsters and after doing so much research on the topic I would personally not suggest eating lobster anymore. The boiling of lobsters as means of food preparation is totally inhumane and should not be conducted any longer. The highly debated topic whether or not it is morally okay for lobsters to be captured in the wild and later prepared as food is an ever-lingering topic that has sparked much debated, and will more than likely continue to do so. The lobster is being increasingly over harvested and this is leading to dwindling numbers. The boiling of these lobster and other methods of preparation are very disturbing and are viewed as extremely cruel. The harvest of lobster is becoming increasingly damaging to both lobster populations and the image of humanity as a whole and should no longer continue in our society. Works Cited Foster, Wallace. ââ¬Å"Consider the Lobster.â⬠Mercury Reader. Compiled by Marisa Carlson. Ed. Jancie Neuleib, Kathleen Shine Cain, and Stephen Ruffus. Boston: Pearson, 2014. 159- 177. Print ââ¬Å"The Luckiest Lobster.â⬠Radiolab. WNYC Radio, 12 July 2010. Web. 27 April 2014 jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-89619182157719812312019-11-26T00:37:00.001-08:002019-11-26T00:37:03.766-08:00Importance of Love Sociology Essay ExampleImportance of Love Sociology Essay Example Importance of Love Sociology Essay Example Importance of Love Sociology Essay Example Love is one of the oldest subjects. Many real and fictional stories have focused on current subject, where such stories as Romeo and Juliet, Cinderella and many others have gained worldwide readership. Love has been discussed at different levels, including individual, family, societal, national and even global. People have always been encouraged to love one another in order to live in harmony. In other words, love is a daily topic that is discussed in various ways. Love integrates families, societies and nations. It is also known as the perfect tool of overcoming evil. In order to describe such worldwide phenomenon, current paper will provide an in depth description of love, its importance, its forms and how values change due to love. Love is important in peopleââ¬â¢s life. It is caused by the fact that the society lives in the coexistence mode meaning that people depend on one another. Since people are social and must interact, love is important as it enhances such interaction among them. Love emotion makes people care about others and what happens to them. Moreover, love brings happiness and joy in peopleââ¬â¢s lives and it is also simple to trust one another in time of love. As for children, parental love helps and increases their survival rate and chances, since it compels their parents to care for them. In times of distress, love is important as it helps people overcome problems, especially when family members and friends express their positive attitude towards a distressed person. Love also increases emotional bond, as well as helps individuals in increasing their mutual support for one another (His Holiness Dalai Lama). Types of Love Personally, I think that love is important for survival. It means that my survival depends on love, since my parents gave birth and cared for me as a result of their love towards me. Moreover, the feeling of love is important not only for humanity, but for all living things. For example, animals also need love and they love each other, as well. Likewise, plants need love from humans, since the environment can only exist due to their love. To me, love is when I feel attached to another person or a thing that is important to me, as it helps in satisfying emotional needs. One characteristic of love is that it is biological in that it is an innate feeling that has to be given and also be received. The strength of love is in that it can maintain a society as mentioned above. When discussing love, it is always good to define love and explain the different types of it. According to the online dictionary, love has many definitions. Love is an emotion that is strong and constant towards another person. Love can also be defined as an attraction, which is inclusive of sexual desire. However, such type of love, according to the dictionary, is felt by people who have a romantic relationship. The same dictionary defines love as a strong affection towards another person due to such things as personal and kinship ties. Love is also an attraction that is based on common interests, benevolence and admiration. It is also a feeling of devotion, enthusiasm and warm attachment (Merriam Webster Dictionary). One of the ancient civilizations, the Greek, also has their definition of love. According to them, love can be divided into six categories. The first type of love according to the Greeks is Eros, which is passionate or romantic love. Some of the Greek philosophers stated that it is the most important type of love. The second type of love is Ludus, which is viewed as an uncommitted love or love that is based on game-playing. In such type of love, lying is viewed as part of the game. A person who holds such kind of love is not committed to anyone and is known to have many conquests. The third type of love, according to the same philosophers, is Storge, which is friendship-based and slowly developing. Such love type starts with the participating in mutual activities and leads to long-term relationships. In such type of love, sex is not obligatory or intense. The fourth type of love according to the same group is Pragma, which is practical love that leads to mutual benefits. Current love type is not always romantic. Sex is only included in such love when children are desired or needed. The fifth type of love is Mania, which unlike others is jealous, possessive and extreme. People who fall into current category tend to perform thoughtless actions, such as stalking the people they love. Lastly, there is Agape love, according to the Ancient Greeks. Such love is explained by its gentle and caring characteristics. It is also giving, brotherly and does not look at self-gain. According to the Greeks, it is rare and is only exhibited by rare individuals (Lee). Apart from the Greeks and the dictionary, modern scholars have also classified the types of love as they exist today. According to the Jonathan Inc., a foundation concerned with youths and teaching them about love, four types of love exist. They are: sexual love, Agape love and friendship love (Jonathan Inc.). In his theories of love, Sternberg developed a triangular theory of love. According to the psychologist, love can be classified in three categories: commitment, passion and intimacy. Intimacy category included such love types as friendship or liking, infatuation, romantic love, companionate and consummate love. Passion category comprises of such love types as infatuation, romantic love, fatuous and consummate love. Lastly, the commitment love can be infatuation, fatuous, companionate and consummate. Sternberg argued that it was most common among true friends, whereby feelings such as bonding, closeness and warmth are felt. The sociologist explained infatuated love as love at first sight, which is felt devoid of intimacy. In his view, such love does not last long, since its disappearance is sudden. He also explained the notion of empty love, which stems from deteriorating of strong love. In this case, all is left is commitment, but passion and intimacy disappears. Such love was explained as common in cultures where arranged marriages exist, since relationships begin from empty love. The other one is romantic love, which, according to Sternberg, is characterized by passionate arousal and emotional bonding. Companionate love is also identified by the sociologist and involves commitment and deep affection without passion in marriages. Steinberg explained that companionate love is stronger when compared to friendship and it requires stronger commitment. Family love was categorized as a part of companionate love, since it is among people that spend much time together. Fatuous love was characterized as the type of love that exists among married people, since it was driven by passion without intimacy, which is a stabilizing factor. Lastly, Steinberg identified consummate love, which is complete and only achieved by few people, though desired by all. When talking about the three major types of love, namely intimacy, passion and commitment, Steinberg explained that the type of love can shift during the relationship (Steinberg). How the Different Types of Love affect an Individual From the earlier discussion, three types of love can be noted: godly love, family and friendship love and romantic love. One of the loves, Agape or godly love is difficult to avoid for a person. Scholars argue that such love comes from God and then flows to the individuals. Agape love leads to commitment. In addition, Agape love leads to endurance and commitment to the other person. As for Christians who believe in Agape love, it brings them joy and hope. The effects of Agape love on an individual are different from the effects of romantic love on a person. Psychologists explain that romantic love affects a person psychologically. Researchers have explained that romantic love produces the same effects on an individualââ¬â¢s brain like drugs, such as powerful pain relievers and cocaine. The researchers explained that it is the reason why some people love taking cocaine, as it has the power of touching the area that makes a person feel good like when the person is in love. Additiona lly, romantic love has an ability to make people happy. Psychologists have also discussed the role of romantic love in relieving pain (WebMD). Although they may seem similar, romantic love is unlike Agape love, since it causes pain when it is lost. From the earlier observation, Agape love cannot be withdrawn, since it is unconditional. However, romantic love can actually be withdrawn. In such cases, a person may be subjected to pain and emotional suffering caused by the negative experience. In her attempt to determine the negative effects of withdrawing romantic love, Sailor argued that romantic love is important in marriages and is a necessary ingredient of them. However, when it is withdrawn, it can lead to various disorders, such as mood disorders for both adolescents and adults. It can also lead to anger and sadness after being withdrawn. Sometimes, life satisfaction may be lowered as a result of such negative experience (Sailor 3). Additionally, the author explains that the more the years that individuals had engaged in romantic life and the amount of trust also determines the amount of emotional distress. It is caused by the fact that closeness leads to trust and breaking the trust is considered painful by many people (Sailor, 4). However, one of the most painful forms of romantic love is rejection to an extent that people fail to function after they are rejected. The psychologist explained that different gender groups have different reactions to romantic love and its ending. Women tend to experience more distress than men when they are deprived of romantic love. Sometimes, the effects of romantic love and its withdrawal is physical. For example, some people after such ordeal tend to experience physical pain in their chests. Others may become depressed to an extent that they suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. Family love According to scholars, family love is important to the children, since it helps in boosting their intelligence level (Ian). Therefore, when children are deprived in terms of family love, their emotional well-being and their intelligence are damaged. When such children have problems with stunted growth, lower IQ develops from love deprivation. In addition, stunted growth is another effect of love deprivation among children. A study done to support such argument proved that stunted children who move to foster home show higher results in terms of growth. Love and care positively affect not only children. The researchers explain that love also affects adults, since it improves their psychological health (Shulz and Paula). Why People Love Me A personal look at myself shows that some people love and adore me. Starting with my parents, their love towards me is caused by the natural fact that I am their child. In addition, they are the one responsible for delivering me into this world. Without them, I would probably not exist. Therefore, they love me as their own child. They also love me in a Christian manner. Since they are Christians, my parents love me as a way of exercising their Christian faith. My brothers and sisters, on the other hand, love me with their sibling love. They also love me because they have simply used to me. It has been discussed earlier in Steinbergââ¬â¢s theory, whereby he defines such type of love as companionate love, which is shared among family members. Some people also love me because they like me. Some like me due to my looks, while others like me due to my personality. It is mostly observed among my friends, as some of them have a strong liking for me, while the others envy me, as well. In addition, I have noticed similar liking among my teachers. Some of them like me because I perform well in class and I finish my homework in time. Others like me because I am good at answering questions. Liking is also evident among my neighbors. Some of them argue that I am peaceful and friendly, while others like the way I interact with their children, since I always try to be polite. Regarding the above information, I have observed another type of love among my parents, which is also observable among my church members and some of my religious neighbors, namely Agape love. Such people love me without any particular reason. Instead, they love me because it is their duty and the way they live and things they believe in make them love others. I have observed their love, which is not egoistic and is shared in any situation. However, it is not common for all people, since only a small number of them can experience such love. For example, I have also seen people loving me because sometimes they could use me for their personal intentions. Such people love me because they know they can gain something from me. But when such people receive what they want, they stop hating me or withdraw from me, since their feelings were temporary as explained by Steinberg. Does the Value of Love Change Culture? It should be stated that love is strong and sometimes unmatchable. When talking about love in an organizational setting, Barsade and Oââ¬â¢Neill argue that love has the capability of positively impacting an organizational culture. It means that if love can affect the culture in an organizational setting, it can also affect the societyââ¬â¢s culture in a positive way. According to the two researchers, love starts with the companyââ¬â¢s employees and then flows to the clients. The researchers also explain that the employee who lives in a loving family or in a loving relationship can impart the same culture of love to his/her fellow employees (Barsade and Oââ¬â¢Neill, 2). Employees who often experience love and other related emotions are also tend to share positive traits among the fellow employees. The researchers explain such love calling it companionate love, which is the same notion provided by Steinberg. According to them, such love is similar to romantic love only in that it is less intense and does not necessarily involve such things as passion, since it is based on tender connection between people. It occurs when peopleââ¬â¢s lives are interconnected as explained earlier by Steinberg. Such love, which positively impacts the organizationââ¬â¢s culture, is not self-focused. In addition, it promotes sensitivity and interdependence among one another. As a result, it helps in strengthening the social bonds in the society and in making people committed and connected to each other at the same time. When explaining the type of love that can change body culture, Barsade and Oââ¬â¢Neill state that it can be expressed in cognitive appraisal, body language, vocal tone, facial expression, psychological sensations and subjective experienced. Such expression can be transmitted from one individual to another forming a culture of love in the organization (Barsade and Oââ¬â¢Neill 4). In addition, Barsade and Oââ¬â¢Neill explain that such love can also be shaped by the social context within which it operates. When expressed, it makes people feel as objects of care and also leads to softness, sentiments and fellowship among the employees. Other emotions, such as tenderness, compassion, caring and affection, also stem from companionate love. In some situations, it helps in attracting employees in a certain area of expertise. In conclusion, a description of love, its importance, its forms and explanation of how values change due to love helps in understanding such widely shared phenomenon. The description helps in understanding that love is important not only to individuals, but to the family and to the society, as well. It is caused by the fact that love acts as the uniting force and helps in survival of the human race. A research on love reveals various types of love in traditional setting, as well as in modern settings. However, three main forms of love, which include Agape love, romantic love and companionate love that is shared among friends and family, dominate in definitions and description. Moreover, the researchers say that love has positive effects on individuals. Such effects include increasing of the intelligence level among kids and bringing happiness and joy into the lives of individuals. However, when withdrawn, love may have negative effects, such as depression, physical illness and negati ve emotions. Regarding the culture, love is said to have the ability of imparting positive values, such as care and cohesiveness. Due to such positive attributes of love, it should be promoted at all levels. People should love one another, while families should work hard to promote love. The society and the world at large also need to promote the value of love in order to ensure the continuity of the human race and ensure that happiness and joy are promoted at a higher level. jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-56661854551443134512019-11-22T08:00:00.001-08:002019-11-22T08:00:03.772-08:00America\\s Entry into WWI Essays - International Relations Theory Woodrow Wilson was known for keeping America out of war during his first year of presidency. This gained America?s support and allowed him into getting reelected in 1916. Throughout his second term, the war in Europe showed no signs of compromise and due to threats by Germany, the United States could no longer remain neutral. In this paper, I will argue that President Woodrow Wilson made an argument for America to join the war by characterizing the German government as evil and America as peacemakers. His vision for the future of America was cohesive, which established a clear plan that eliminated the ambiguity of America?s entry into war. Through his discourse of repetitive words, he simplified his plans for the war against Germany to amplify American support. With his choice of rhetorical strategies, he persuaded Americans to join the war in Europe. President Wilson adopted a policy of neutrality and isolation during his first term. As a president seeking re-election in 1916, he had to keep the United States neutral and help bring the war to a conclusion. Many Americans supported isolation because the United States was not threatened by the war and merchants were still able to export over seas. The British and the Germans saw the threat Americans were imposing by being able to export. On May 7th, 1915, Germany sunk the Lusitania that had American passengers on board. After the submarine warfare, Wilson was still determined to continue the United States on a neutral course. Over time, several factors enforced Wilson to change his mind on remaining neutral. Germany threatened America?s peace by sending an encoded telegram to Mexico, known as The Zimmerman note. It stated that if Mexico invaded the United States they would get back some of their land. This produced a growing realization that the Germans would not exercise restraint but were relentlessly motivated upon sinking American boats without warning. These events were the substantial evidence Wilson needed to gain America?s support for his decision to join the Allied Powers. Wilson?s War Message on April 2, 1917 was presented to congress and America for declaration of war on Germany. Congress complied with Wilson?s request and the United States entered World War One on April 6, 1917. After a brief period of ?armed neutrality,? Wilson ended the ambiguity surrounding American policy. He went before Congress to call for a declaration of war. Wilson used dramatic simplification by characterizing the German government as an enemy and America as peaceful. This simplification allowed Americans to easily understand why Wilson wanted to enter the war. He stated, ?It is war against all nations. American ships have been sunk, American lives taken, in ways which it has stirred us very deeply to learn of, but the ships and people of other neutral and friendly nations have been sunk and overwhelmed in the waters in the same way. There has been no discrimination. The challenge is to all mankind.? This amplified that Germany was the enemy, not only to America but also to the world. It also provided reasoning for why staying neutral would not be conducive to America?s fundamental belief on liberty. He made it clear that we were going to fight the German government by arguing that autocracies represent a threat to the peace and justice of America?s democracy. Furthermore, he explained, ?Neutrality is no longer feasible or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its peoples, and the menace to that peace and freedom lies in the existence of autocratic governments.? This idea that the war was between autocracy and democracy, strengthen the enemy image of Germany because autocracy government does not fit America?s ideal government system. By demonstrating America as the peacemakers, it successfully established that America was the hero, and Germany was the ?menace.? By contrasting Germany and America as evil versus good, he offered America no other alternatives other than to join the war. Wilson needed to gain America?s support after being neutral for three years. He did this by creating a clear plan for America?s future, ?Let us be very clear, and make vey clear to all the world what our motives and our objects are.? Wilson constructed jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-35524933722409228852019-11-20T21:42:00.001-08:002019-11-20T21:42:04.108-08:00HEA 409 Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsHEA 409 Business Plan - Essay Example The other section is financial projections. On the basis of a healthcare organization, the following is a description of service description section and the financial projections. The healthcare organization that is to be formed, HealthCo Organization will provide premier healthcare services especially to home-based care patients. In addition, HealthCo Organization will also be involved in providing skilled and effective nursing services, social work, as well as different forms of therapies (Walshe & Smith, 2011). Amongst the therapies that will be provided by HealthCo Organization include speech, physical, and occupational therapy. The surrounding community is known to be workaholics and would not have adequate time to relax and have adequate physical exercises. In addition, the community is made of many old people that require adequate physical therapies to boost their health. As a result, HealthCo Organization will be involved in extensive home-based health care besides offering the aforementioned forms of therapies in order to enhance the health of the community. HealthCo Organization will also provide other services that include injury case management especially in respect to games and fire (Thomas, 2003). The injury case management that HealthCo Organization will provide involves an intensive program and awareness on the cases of various forms of injuries. Moreover, HealthCo Organization will also be involved in providing adequate and effective assessment of the injuries sustained, planning on how to solve the injuries, providing adequate understanding of how to care for such injuries, and ensuring that the injuries are not only treated but also cared for adequately (Walshe & Smith, 2011). Lastly, there will be professional services in respect to general health and the environment for any community jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-14147534239813618132019-11-19T01:45:00.001-08:002019-11-19T01:45:04.140-08:00GPS navegation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsGPS navegation - Research Paper Example Dr. Ivan came up with position finding system that relied on the time difference and construction of vehicles that used satellites for navigation. Professor Bradford Parkinson served in the navy under the air force wing. He was the manager for NAVSTAR GPS programs and would be perceived as the father of GPS (Parry, 2010). Not only did Bradford contribute in the air force navigation programs, but also handled research that led to the improvement of GPS used in the world today. On the other hand, Roger L. Easton had profound experience in spacecraft tracking and time. Roger offered his prowess in navigation technology and potential of satellite use in time travel. He also came up with theories and calculations that led to the launch of the first satellite manned with GPS. Roger involvement in the construction of time-based position vehicles and devices became of great use in the military. The creation of the three men and input of technicians gave rise to a component that has changed lives today. GPS became a critical tool in the military force, and that changed the security manning strategies (El-Rabbany, 2002). People started for feel that the military had gained necessary tools to fight menaces across the border and keep track of events that were potential threats to homeland security. Roger, Bradford, and Ivan had intended to give the military exclusive ownership to GPS to enable them hunt and track security-related concerns. However, GPS became beneficial to individuals and corporations. The NAVSTAR program gave the military of United States a fighting edge against the Soviet Union that has launched spacecraft. Air force gained a tool that could be used for accurate guidance in any position on the earth. The public learned of GPS and aired persistent demands on the use of the tool for personal purposes. Civilians saw it as a way of boosting their security and making navigation during travel jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-50260561667714555542019-11-16T14:17:00.001-08:002019-11-16T14:17:06.797-08:00Chemistry Diploma Paper Essay Example for Free Chemistry Diploma Paper Essay 1. Attempt any ten of the following : a) Why is an atom electrically neutral ? b) Differentiate between isotopes and isobars. c) Define conductor and nonconductor. d) State Faradayââ¬â¢s second law of electrolysis. e) Define cell. Give its classification. f) Explain the terms mineral and ore. g) Define alloys with suitable example. h) What is nickel silver ? Write its composition. i) Give composition of glass-wool. j) Name the types of plastics with examples of each. k) Define COD of sewage. l) Define Air-pollution. Give its magnitude. 2. Attempt any four of the following : 16 a) Give the comparison of electron, proton and neutron w.r.to their symbol, change, mass and location within an atom. b) Give four points of distinction between orbit and orbital. c) Write orbital electronic configuration of the following elements 24 39 20 N14 , Mg 12 , K 19 , Ne10 7 d) Describe the formation of NaCl molecule with diagram and name the type of bonding. e) Explain electrovalency and covalency with example. f) State and explain Faradayââ¬â¢s first law of electrolysis. P.T.O. 12002 *12002* MARKS 3. Attempt any four of the following : 16 a) Draw diagram and explain the construction working of lead-acid storage cell. b) A given quantity of electricity is passed through two cells containing copper sulphate and silver nitrate respectively. If 0.99 gms of silver and 0.29 gms of copper are deposited, find equivalent weight of silver when that of copper is 31.6. c) Explain the mechanism of electrolysis of fused sodium-chloride by using carbon electrodes. d) Why copper is electro-refined ? Describe the process of electro-refining of copper. e) Explain construction working and application of dry-cell. f) Define metallurgy. Outline the general principle of metallurgy. 4. Attempt any four of the following : 16 a) Define the terms : flux, slag, malleability and toughness. b) Write composition, properties and applications of Alnico and Woods metal. c) Explain with diagram the gravity separation used for concentration of iron-ore. d) Differentiate ââ¬â calcination and roasting. e) Write any four purposes of making alloys. f) Explain the fusion method for manufacture of alloys. 5. Attempt any four of the following : 16 a) State four properties of plastics and write the uses based on each of given properties. b) What is thermocole ? Give its properties and applications. c) What is rubber ? What is the difference between natural and synthetic rubber ? d) What is green-house-effect ? State the measure to control it. e) Explain the causes of water pollution. f) What is bio-medical-waste ? Give two techniques for its disposal. 6. Attempt any four of the following : a) Write properties and application of glass-wool. b) Explain any four major sources causing air-pollution. c) Write any four methods to control water pollution. d) What is preventive environmental management ? Give one example. e) Distinguish between air-pollution due to vehicle and industries. f) Write short note on effect of E-waste. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 16 jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3675724630464196735.post-24068008227464448162019-11-14T02:49:00.001-08:002019-11-14T02:49:03.991-08:00Henrik Ibsen :: essays papersHenrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen was born at Skien in Norway on March 20, 1828. When he was eight, his father went bankrupt. This event made a deep impression upon him. After they went bankrupt, his family moved to a small farm north of the town where they lived in poverty. Henrik was forced to attend a small local school. He received a substandard education. In 1843, the family returned to town. Unfortunately they were still poor. Ibsen came from a very dysfunctional family. His domineering father was an alcoholic who found solace in alcohol. His quiet mother found comfort in religion. He used them as a model for his plays. The blend of an overbearing husband and a submissive wife made appearances in his plays Brand, A Doll's House, and Ghosts. The bitter character of Hjalmar Ekdal in The Wild Duck was based on Ibsen's father. When he was sixteen, he moved to Grimstad to work for a druggist. He had wanted to become a doctor, but game up on the idea after he failed Greek and Math on his! University entrance exams. Medicine was not his only ambition. He also wanted to be a painter. In 1850, Ibsen entered the first of his three writing periods. His romantic period went from 1850 to 1873. The greatest works from this period are the Brandand Peer Gynt Most of the plays that he wrote during these years are romantic historical dramas. Lady Inger of Ostraat was a romantic drama with intrigue. The Vikings of Helgeland was a simple and sad tragedy. The last play of the Romantic period was Emperor and Galilean. It is similar to Ibsen's other play Catiline because it showed his impatience with traditional attitudes and values. In both plays he showed sympathy for historical characters who were famous for being rebellious. Ibsen became the stage manager and playwright of the National Stage in Bergen in 1851. He worked there for six years. In 1857, he moved to Christiania (Oslo), where he became director of the Norwegian Theatre. He neglected both writing and the theatre. He plunged into social life with his literary friends and drank heavily. In 1858, Ibsen married Suzannah Thoresen, with whom he had one child, Sigurd Ibsen. This was a marriage that was often as misunderstood as the marriages of Ibsen's dramas. At the age of thirty, Ibsen saw his first performances of Shakespeare in Copenhagen and Dresden. Shakespeare's work convinced Ibsen that serious drama must strive toward a psychological truth and form its basis on the characters and conflicts of mankind. Ibsen and jonparker1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/02383598813575585716noreply@blogger.com0