Recent Migrants East London And Birmingham -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Recent Migrants East London And Birmingham? Answer: Introduction Society is formed when different individuals come together as a unit and perform specific roles. Individuals are the essence of a society, the most important element and the societys existence depends on them. When this element causes any disturbance, it affects the society as a whole. However, when this social group confronts something or someone that does not portray traits similar to theirs, it resists. accounting to Wessendorf (2017), dissimilarities arise within a society when an individual fails to comply with the norms set by the society. The given essay discusses the impact of Brexit on the British society as a whole. It tries to analyze the possible reasons for the outbreak of racial and religious attacks post Brexit by applying different theories of social science. Understanding relationships between individuals and social groups Social groups are formed by individuals who possess similar characteristics, have a collective sense of unity and interact frequently with each other. Many social science scholars have argued that individuals acquire majority of their character traits from the groups they are in. In contrast to this, other scholars have argued that although individuals are a part of the group but they have their own individualism. Apfelbaum, Stephens and Reagans (2016), believe that every individual takes part in some or the other group at different stages of his or her social life. Some of these groups play a crucial role in shaping the life of the individual and even define the place an individual has in the society. On the other hand, Knight and Eisenkraft (2015), point out that it is not possible to view individual and society separately as both are intertwined and one cannot have an existence without the other. It was found from many sources that the incidences of hate crimes had increased by 57% during the period of the polls and declaration of results. On the other hand, an operations that reports attacks on Islamic community found that 33 attacks were reported within 72 hours after Brexit whereas previously the rate was 40-45 incidences in a month (Theguardian.com, 2018). Theories and concepts explaining religious and racial discrimination in Britain after Brexit Certain theories define this intricate relationship between the self and the society. A better understanding of this relationship can be formed by relating it to the Looking Glass Self Theory of Charles Cooley. According to him, it is a reflective process where the interaction of the self is likened to looking at reflection in the mirror. Individuals perceive themselves based on the perception of others. To put it in simpler words, people tend to imagine the way others judge them based on their appearance, thus giving rise to feelings of inferiority and insecurity. Cooley identifies two groups with which an individual interacts the primary group and the secondary group. Primary group includes family and friends with whom individuals have upfront conversation regularly. While on the other hand, secondary group comprises people with whom individuals do interact face-to-face regularly such as colleagues and bosses. Individuals tend to be closer to the primary group and sympathize with them whereas they perceive secondary group as others and hence do not sympathize them. The British people who voted for Brexit acquired the perception that the others that is non-British people do not belong to their group. Katwala, Rutter and Ballinger (2016) present a precise explanation of the racial incidents that occurred in UK post Brexit. His explanation can be drawn to associate the incidents with the Looking Glass Theory emphasized by Cooley. According to the author, the attacks and abuses on non-British people surfaced as a result of the developing notion that Britain has announced its sovereignty once again and that it has the authority to make its own rules and regulations now. The British people took this in an altogether different sense thus resulting in widespread racial discrimination. They became the individual in Cooleys Looking Glass who acquired the self-concept that he or she ought to defend the countrys integrity from the others, else he or she would be judged wrongly. Cooleys theory was further developed by Mead in his formulation of the I and Me theory. This theory defines that the individual possess different versions of the self; one that the individual forms from his own imagination that is the I and the other that is formed from imagining others perspective of the self, which is the Me. The struggle between I and Me often prompts individuals to commit things they might not have done. Examples can be given from the hate crimes post Brexit. Those involved in it, might have taken up the I role of the defender of the countrys borders from the outsiders and thus made racist attacks (Ntampoudi, 2017). Viewing the racial discriminations from the perspective of the non-British people, the I and Me theory gives useful insights into the way they might have felt before and after Brexit. Prior to Brexit, the non-British people did not have to face any consequences of the Me. The only struggle they had was with themselves, the I. However, things changed a nd they became increasingly conscious of the Me as they tried harder to fit into this Me perspective in order to survive the attacks. Socialization refers to the means by which individuals try to support their individual feelings and behaviors to that of the society. To cite an example, an individual might not be prompted to attack another individual but he or she might still do it in order to fit into the dominant group (Thomsen Olsen, 2017). The self has many identities including the social self that is made up of the features that are derived from the broader society and groups. The Social Identity Theory helps define the social self more elaborately (Lamb, 2015). The theory explains the means and reasons by which an individual develops his or her social identity and the reasons for discrimination in the society. The Self Categorization Theory is a development of the Social Identity theory (Reynolds Subasic, 2016). The theory describes the cerebral mechanisms that explain the reasons for the surfacing of different social identities into our minds and how they attain prominence. In case of Brexit incited racism, those who were involved in racial discriminations and hate crimes, must have categorized their social identities as protectors or controllers of the countrys borders (David Drake, 2016). Developing a social integration plan to strengthen racial and religious harmony in the UK In a country like the UK, where ethnic and religious diversity constitute a good part of the population, it becomes important to have a social integration plan developed (Swami et al., 2017). The plans suggested by her however lack depth and understanding of the overall condition. A training program especially for the British people must be initiated to marketing them understand the true meaning of Brexit. This should be followed by awareness programs that portray the contribution of different ethnic and religious communities into making Britain the nation it is today. Then, those groups and individuals who were responsible for the racial attacks and abuses on non-British people after the Brexit decision must be sent to rehabilitation centers where they should be given lessons on Britains cultural and social history. Conclusion In the end, it can be stated that the origins and causes of hate crimes including prejudice and discrimination against other communities is not a new thing in Britain. However, people feared to come out openly and express their hate but that changed after Brexit. The essay established association between racism occurring in Britain with the social theories that help understand the incidences better. A social integration plan has also been suggested in the essay with references from previous works by other researchers. The Social Identity Theory and the Self Categorization Theory have been mentioned to explain the cognitive processes that lead to such events. References: Apfelbaum, E. P., Stephens, N. M., Reagans, R. E. 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